Abstract: Objective To explore the relationships between helper T Lymphocyte Th1/Th2 cells and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status.Methods Total 40 cases were included in the study as follows:25 cases of CHB patients (CHB group) , 5 cases of those who were cured naturaly after HBV infection (CN group) , 5 cases of CHB patients achiving complete response after antiviral therapy (VR group) and 5 cases of healthy volunteers (control group) .PBMCs were isolated from all the cases, and the levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) , interlerkin-2 (IL-2) and interlerkin-4 (IL-4) secreted by Th1 and Th2 cells were measured by FACS.Results The levels of IFN-γ (0.4680 ± 0.0377) , IL-2 (0.5000 ± 0.0625) in CHB group were lower than those in control and CN groups (0.336 ± 0.29082, 0.256 ± 0.17799) (P < 0.001) .The levels of IFN-γ (0.1620 ± 0.0396) , IL-2 (0.1940 ± 0.0416) in VR group were lower than those in control group (0.4680 ± 0.0377, 0.5000 ± 0.0625) (P < 0.001) , but the level of IL-4 (0.5096 ± 0.1329) was higher than control (0.2820 ± 0.0622) (P < 0.001) .The levels of IFN-γ (0.336 ± 0.29082, IL-2 (0.256 ± 0.17799) in CN group were lower than those in control (0.4680 ± 0.0377, 0.5000 ± 0.0625) (P < 0.001) , but the level of IL-4 (1.29 ± 0.16778) was higher than the other three groups obviously (0.2820 ± 0.0622, 0.5096 ± 0.1329, 0.5740 ± 0.06693) , (P < 0.001) .Conclusion Our study suggested that there are correlations between the function of Th1 /Th2 cells and the chronic progression of hepatitis B virus infection.