Abstract: Objective To study the function of peripheral blood dendritic cell in chronic hepatitis B patients with deficiency of kidney based on TCM syndrome differentiation intervention therapy.Methods 60 CHB patients with kidney deficiency were included (treatment group) , and 10 healthy volunteers as control group.DC was isolated and cultured from peripheral blood collected from each group, the levels of the surface molecules CD80, CD86, CD1a, HLA-DR of DC were detected by FACS and the level of cytokine IL-10 in the culture supernatant were detected by ELISA.At the same time, we detected serum HBV DNA quantity and recorded the scores of TCM Syndrome of CHB patients.Patients were given TCM syndrome differentiation for three months.After treatment, the level of CD80, CD86, CD1a, HLA-DR of DC, the level of the cytokine IL-10 in the culture supernatant of DC, the serum HBV DNA quantity and the scores of TCM Syndrome of CHB patients were recorded again.Results Before treatment, the levels of CD80, CD86, CD1a, HLA-DR expression in the treatment group was lower than that of control group significantly (P < 0.05) , and the expression level of IL-10 were significantly higher in the treatment group than that of the control group.After treatment, the levels of CD80, CD86, CD1a, HLA-DR expression were markedly improved and the level of IL-10 expression was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) , and the scores of TCM Syndrome in the treatment group patients were improved significantly (P < 0.05) .Conclusion The function of mature DC in CHB patients with kidney deficiency was abnormal, and the expression of surface co stimulatory molecules was decreased and the expression of inhibitory factor was increased in these patients.TCM syndrome differentiation not only improved the symptom score of patients, but also increased the DC expression of co-stimulatory molecules and reduced the inhibitory factor expression.It also prompted that there was some correlation between DC and asthenia and sthenia pathogenesis of TCM.