失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化并发肝性脑病患者30天内死亡影响因素分析
DOI: 10.12449/JCH240313
Influencing factors for death within 30 days in patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy
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摘要:
目的 探讨乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期并发肝性脑病患者30天内死亡的影响因素。 方法 回顾性收集2008年1月—2018年4月北京地坛医院乙型肝炎肝硬化并发肝性脑病患者616例,随访观察30天,根据患者预后将其分为生存组(n=488)与死亡组(n=128)。计量资料两组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验或Fisher精确检验。采用Cox回归分析探讨乙型肝炎肝硬化并发肝性脑病患者30天内死亡的独立危险因素。 结果 Cox多因素回归分析显示,年龄(HR=1.029,95%CI:1.014~1.044,P<0.001)、MELD评分(HR=1.118,95%CI:1.098~1.139,P<0.001)及中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)(HR=1.036,95%CI:1.015~1.057,P=0.001)是乙型肝炎肝硬化并发肝性脑病患者30天内死亡的独立危险因素。分层分析显示,当MELD评分≥20分与NLR≥4时,患者死亡风险较高,30天内的病死率为57.1%(80/140);MELD评分<20分与NLR<4时,30天内的病死率为3.9%(9/232)。 结论 年龄、MELD评分及NLR是影响乙型肝炎肝硬化并发肝性脑病患者30天内死亡的独立危险因素,MELD评分≥20分与NLR≥4的患者30天内的死亡风险较高。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the influencing factors for death within 30 days in patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 616 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy in Beijing Ditan Hospital from January 2008 to April 2018, and all patients were followed up for 30 days. According to their prognosis, they were divided into survival group with 488 patients and death group with 128 patients. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the independent risk factors for death within 30 days in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy. Results The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age (hazard ratio [HR]=1.029, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.014 — 1.044, P<0.001), Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score (HR=1.118, 95%CI: 1.098 — 1.139, P<0.001), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (HR=1.036, 95%CI: 1.015 — 1.057, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for death within 30 days in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy. The stratified analysis showed that the patients with a MELD score of≥20 and an NLR of≥4 had a higher risk of death, with a 30-day mortality rate of 57.1% (80/140). The patients with a MELD score of<20 and an NLR of<4 had a 30-day mortality rate of 3.9% (9/232). Conclusion Age, MELD score, and NLR are independent risk factors for death within 30 days in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy, and patients with a MELD score of≥20 and an NLR of≥4 tend to have a high risk of death. -
Key words:
- Hepatitis B /
- Liver Cirrhosis /
- Hepatic Encephalopathy /
- Prognosis /
- Risk Factors
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表 1 生存组与死亡组患者的基线特征
Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients in the survival and death groups
组别 生存组(n=488) 死亡组(n=128) 统计值 P值 性别(男/女,例) 389/99 96/32 χ2=1.345 0.246 年龄(岁) 52(45~59) 54(46~62) Z=2.224 0.030 GIB[例(%)] 154(31.6) 51(39.8) χ2=3.136 0.077 SBP[例(%)] 29(5.9) 14(10.9) χ2=3.896 0.048 ALT(U/L) 34.35(21.73~64.40) 124.90(49.23~390.15) Z=7.189 <0.001 AST(U/L) 50.95(31.50~98.70) 176.40(78.43~399.78) Z=8.661 <0.001 TBil(μmol/L) 46.00(24.70~111.28) 251.25(102.93~440.93) Z=11.423 <0.001 Alb(g/L) 28.80(25.10~32.10) 27.35(24.00~31.30) Z=-2.776 0.016 WBC(×109/L) 5.06(3.14~7.44) 7.81(5.53~12.56) Z=8.473 <0.001 NLR 3.63(2.24~6.25) 6.69(4.25~11.99) Z=6.765 <0.001 Hb(g/L) 105.00(81.00~124.30) 109.70(83.40~131.85) Z=1.928 0.053 PLT(×109/L) 67.50(46.00~103.00) 66.50(42.50~115.75) Z=0.091 0.918 INR 1.49(1.32~1.87) 2.18(1.77~3.01) Z=11.369 <0.001 Na+(mmol/L) 137.4(133.7~140.6) 133.3(128.2~137.5) Z=-6.483 <0.001 肌酐(μmol/L) 67.00(54.33~86.15) 84.40(61.23~140.43) Z=6.207 <0.001 GLU(mmol/L) 7.60(5.87~10.39) 7.33(5.89~10.88) Z=0.009 0.850 NH3(μmol/L) 37.0(26.0~49.0) 36.0(26.0~50.4) Z=2.117 0.653 MELD评分(分) 12.63(8.30~19.43) 26.0(20.70~31.78) Z=14.045 <0.001 注:GIB,食管胃底静脉曲张出血;GLU,空腹血糖;NH3,血氨。 表 2 患者30天内预后影响因素的Cox回归分析
Table 2. Cox regression analysis of prognostic factors within 30 days
组别 单因素分析 多因素分析 HR(95%CI) P值 HR(95%CI) P值 性别(男/女) 1.257(0.843~1.876) 0.262 年龄(岁) 1.019(1.003~1.035) 0.021 1.029(1.014~1.044) <0.001 GIB(是/否) 1.410(0.990~2.009) 0.057 SBP(是/否) 1.656(0.951~2.885) 0.075 ALT(U/L) 1.001(1.001~1.001) <0.001 AST(U/L) 1.001(1.001~1.001) <0.001 TBil(μmol/L) 1.059(1.048~1.071) <0.001 Alb(g/L) 0.948(0.916~0.981) 0.002 WBC(×109/L) 1.114(1.088~1.140) <0.001 NE(×109/L) 1.135(1.105~1.166) <0.001 LY(×109/L) 1.106(0.869~1.407) 0.412 NLR 1.062(1.044~1.080) <0.001 1.036(1.015~1.057) 0.001 Hb(g/L) 1.005(0.999~1.011) 0.008 PLT(×109/L) 1.000(0.997~1.003) 0.966 INR 2.280(1.968~2.641) <0.001 Na+(mmol/L) 0.925(0.904~0.947) <0.001 肌酐(μmol/L) 1.004(1.003~1.006) <0.001 GLU(mmol/L) 1.002(0.970~1.036) 0.896 NH3(μmol/L) 1.010(1.003~1.018) 0.009 MELD评分(分) 1.121(1.101~1.141) <0.001 1.118(1.098~1.139) <0.001 注:LY,淋巴细胞计数。 -
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