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原发性胆汁性胆管炎合并代谢相关脂肪性肝病的临床特征及危险因素分析

袁琳娜 陈一晖 那恒彬 鲁杰 刘叶 李武

引用本文:
Citation:

原发性胆汁性胆管炎合并代谢相关脂肪性肝病的临床特征及危险因素分析

DOI: 10.12449/JCH240815
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 (82160801);

云南省“万人计划”名医专项 (Yunrenweifa(2020)20);

云南省“万人计划”名医专项 (RLMY20200015);

云南省科技厅-应用基础研究联合专项资金项目 (2018FE001(-214))

伦理学声明:本研究方案于2021年2月26日经由昆明医科大学第一附属医院伦理委员会审批,批号为2021-206。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:袁琳娜负责课题设计,资料分析,撰写论文;那恒彬、鲁杰、刘叶参与数据收集;陈一晖负责论文修改;李武负责拟定写作思路,指导撰写文章并最后定稿。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    李武, liwukm@qq.com (ORCID: 0000-0002-1222-3629)

Primary biliary cholangitis with metabolic associated fatty liver disease: Clinical features and risk factors

Research funding: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China (82160801);

Yunnan Province Famous Doctor Project (Yunrenweifa(2020)20);

Yunnan Province Famous Doctor Project (RLMY20200015);

Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology-Applied Basic Research Joint Special Fund Project (2018FE001(-214))

More Information
    Corresponding author: LI Wu, liwukm@qq.com (ORCID: 0000-0002-1222-3629)
  • 摘要:   目的  分析原发性胆汁性胆管炎(PBC)合并代谢相关脂肪性肝病(MAFLD)的临床特征及危险因素,探讨两种疾病合并时的相互影响。  方法  选取2019年1月—2022年12月于昆明医科大学第一附属医院确诊为PBC和MAFLD的患者187例,分为PBC组70例,PBC合并MAFLD组38例,MAFLD组79例。收集病例的一般资料、临床症状、血清学指标、瞬时弹性纤维成像(FibroScan)及非侵入性纤维化指标,分析比较三组间的不同特点。计量资料三组间比较采用单因素方差分析或Kruskal-Wallis H检验;计数资料组间比较使用χ2检验或Fisher精确检验。多因素分析采用二元Logistic回归分析。  结果  三组在性别、年龄、身高、体质量、BMI、自身免疫性疾病病史方面差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。PBC合并MAFLD组以女性患者多见(89.5%),平均年龄为(57.26±12.72)岁,BMI为(23.35±3.70) kg/m2;PBC组中自身免疫性疾病病史检出率为25.7%(18例)。三组乏力、纳差、瘙痒、黄疸、静脉曲张、腹水、脾大发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。PBC合并MAFLD组患者常见的症状为乏力、纳差、腹痛、腹胀,分别为18例(47.4%)、15例(39.5%)、14例(36.8%)、16例(42.1%);MAFLD组患者常见的症状为腹痛、腹胀,分别为34例(43%)、32例(40.5%);PBC组患者常见的症状及并发症为乏力、纳差、黄疸、腹痛、腹胀、静脉曲张、腹水、脾大,分别为37例(52.9%)、25例(35.7%)、25例(35.7%)、18例(25.7%)、25例(35.7%)、19例(27.9%)、23例(32.9%)、44例(62.9%)。PBC合并MAFLD组的CAP值高于PBC组(P<0.05);PBC组的LSM值、APRI、FIB-4均高于MAFLD组(P值均<0.05)。将不存在多重共线性的因素纳入回归分析,以PBC组为参照组,FIB-4(OR=0.218,95%CI:0.069~0.633)、自身免疫性疾病病史(OR=0.229,95%CI:0.067~0.810)为PBC合并MAFLD的独立影响因素(P值均<0.05);以MAFLD组为参照组,ALT(OR=0.157,95%CI:0.025~1.000)、TBil(OR=0.995,95%CI:0.990~0.999)为PBC合并MAFLD的独立影响因素(P值均<0.05)。  结论  PBC合并MAFLD临床表现并不特异,但PBC患者的临床表现更为严重,且肝功能失代偿发生率更高。两种疾病合并不一定会加重PBC的疾病进展。

     

  • 表  1  MAFLD组、PBC合并MAFLD组与PBC组一般资料的比较

    Table  1.   Comparisons of clinical information among MAFLD group and MAFLD combined with PBC group and MAFLD group

    项目 MAFLD组(n=79) PBC合并MAFLD组(n=38) PBC组(n=70) 统计值 P
    性别[例(%)] χ2=39.297 <0.001
    42(53.2) 4(10.5) 8(11.4)
    37(46.8) 34(89.5) 62(88.6)
    民族[例(%)] χ2=2.313 0.339
    汉族 72(91.1) 37(97.4) 67(95.7)
    其他 7(8.9) 1(2.6) 3(4.3)
    年龄(岁) 50.92±18.26 57.26±12.72 56.90±11.24 F=3.874 0.023
    身高(m) 1.66±0.81 1.60±0.63 1.57±0.07 F=24.106 <0.001
    体质量(kg) 68.48±12.22 59.83±12.31 53.61±9.23 F=32.995 <0.001
    BMI(kg/m2 24.87±3.56 23.35±3.70 21.58±3.11 F=17.006 <0.001
    高血压[例(%)] 34(43.0) 16(42.1) 23(32.9) χ2=1.805 0.406
    糖尿病[例(%)] 11(13.9) 7(18.4) 5(7.1) χ2=3.239 0.198
    自身免疫性疾病[例(%)] 3(3.8) 4(10.5) 18(25.7) χ2=15.726 <0.001
    吸烟史[例(%)] 12(15.2) 2(5.3) 5(7.1) χ2=3.886 0.143
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  三组患者临床特征比较

    Table  2.   Distribution of clinical manifestations in MAFLD group and MAFLD combined with PBC group and MAFLD group

    临床表现 MAFLD组(n=79) PBC合并MAFLD组(n=38) PBC组(n=70) χ2 P
    乏力[例(%)] 7(8.9) 18(47.4) 37(52.9) 36.763 <0.001
    纳差[例(%)] 8(10.1) 15(39.5) 25(35.7) 17.500 <0.001
    瘙痒[例(%)] 0(0.0) 2(5.3) 12(17.1) 16.088 <0.001
    黄疸[例(%)] 0(0.0) 3(7.9) 25(35.7) 39.060 <0.001
    腹痛[例(%)] 34(43.0) 14(36.8) 18(25.7) 4.927 0.085
    腹胀[例(%)] 32(40.5) 16(42.1) 25(35.7) 0.547 0.761
    静脉曲张[例(%)] 0(0.0) 6(15.8) 19(27.9) 23.850 <0.001
    腹水[例(%)] 0(0.0) 5(13.2) 23(32.9) 31.596 <0.001
    脾大[例(%)] 0(0.0) 8(21.1) 44(62.9) 74.130 <0.001
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  MAFLD组、PBC合并MAFLD组与PBC组血清学及体液免疫指标的比较

    Table  3.   Distribution of biochemical indices in MAFLD group and MAFLD combined with PBC group and MAFLD group

    指标 MAFLD组(n=79) PBC合并MAFLD组(n=38) PBC组(n=70) 统计值 P
    WBC(×109/L) 6.07±1.49 5.21±1.791) 4.79±1.621) F=12.355 <0.001
    RBC(×1012/L) 4.92±0.63 4.37±0.611)2) 3.97±0.741) F=36.845 <0.001
    HGB(g/L) 149.80±20.20 133.26±17.951)2) 120.79±20.891) F=39.220 <0.001
    PLT(×109/L) 238.00(206.00~284.00) 186.50(152.75~246.25)1) 148.00(102.50~217.75)1) χ2=38.405 <0.001
    INR 0.97(0.93~1.02) 1.01(0.96~1.60) 1.00(0.93~1.08) χ2=5.701 0.058
    TP(g/L) 74.11±6.08 74.01±14.241)2) 71.92±8.781) F=713.086 <0.001
    Alb(g/L) 44.43±3.89 41.96±5.862) 36.37±7.081) F=5.754 0.004
    AST(U/L) 22.50(19.00~29.40) 30.45(21.45~54.67) 57.50(33.35~88.70)1) χ2=18.684 <0.001
    ALT(U/L) 27.50(17.90~48.20) 29.70(21.60~48.50)1)2) 37.75(23.50~73.95)1) χ2=29.228 <0.001
    TBil(μmol/L) 10.90(9.10~14.90) 13.40(10.25~16.15)1)2) 21.15(10.57~43.27) χ2=30.580 <0.001
    DBil(μmol/L) 4.50(3.60~6.40) 6.05(4.20~7.62)1) 13.20(6.10~36.80)1) χ2=14.147 <0.001
    IBil(μmol/L) 6.40(5.00~9.10) 6.90(5.57~9.25)1)2) 5.55(4.10~9.65)1) χ2=48.398 <0.001
    TBA(μmol/L) 4.00(2.00~6.10) 12.00(4.60~26.10)1)2) 29.90(12.35~70.85)1) χ2=145.829 <0.001
    ALP(U/L) 75.40(65.80~92.20) 89.20(68.92~118.15)1) 220.10(125.50~372.60)1) χ2=133.490 <0.001
    CHE(KU/L) 8.97±2.08 7.48±2.261) 5.71±2.391) F=111.814 <0.001
    GGT(U/L) 35.00(20.00~70.00) 73.00(36.75~171.75)1) 234.35(99.00~510.00)1) χ2=135.308 <0.001
    Urea(mmol/L) 5.15±1.29 4.50±1.211) 4.92±2.061) F=501.376 <0.001
    Cr(μmol/L) 78.10±17.03 72.82±16.511) 68.70±19.121) F=200.216 <0.001
    UA(μmol/L) 392.58±107.38 351.49±118.631) 309.02±103.841) F=700.969 <0.001
    GLU(mmol/L) 5.01±1.28 5.24±1.19 4.87±0.86 F=1.073 0.344
    CHOL(mmol/L) 4.75(4.01~5.38) 5.31(3.84~5.97)1) 4.79(4.03~6.01)1) χ2=125.700 <0.001
    TG(mmol/L) 1.56(1.31~2.35) 1.91(1.48~2.61)1) 1.48(1.05~2.01)1) χ2=23.096 <0.001
    HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.08(0.94~1.34) 1.21(0.95~1.40)1) 1.29(1.06~1.71)1) χ2=104.357 <0.001
    LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.83(2.34~3.56) 2.86(1.91~3.91)1) 2.74(2.13~3.61)1) χ2=133.879 <0.001
    IgG(g/L) 12.00(10.37~13.62) 13.80(10.12~17.65)1) 15.00(12.77~18.72)1) χ2=130.111 <0.001
    IgA(g/L) 2.20(1.75~2.89) 2.35(1.61~3.38) 2.72(1.93~3.69) χ2=3.421 0.181
    IgM(g/L) 0.77(0.50~1.19) 1.83(0.94~3.14) 1.99(1.49~3.45)1) χ2=11.227 0.004
    C3(g/L) 1.13±0.22 1.06±0.421) 1.07±0.351) F=564.158 <0.001
    C4(g/L) 0.24(0.20~0.29) 0.22(0.13~0.26) 0.18(0.13~0.24)1) F=4.262 0.016

    注:与MAFLD组比较,1)P<0.05;与PBC组比较,2)P<0.05。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  PBC合并MAFLD组与PBC组自身免疫性肝炎抗体谱的比较

    Table  4.   Comparisons of circulating immune indices in liver between MAFLD combined with PBC group and MAFLD group

    抗体 PBC合并MAFLD组(n=38) PBC组(n=70) χ2 P
    ANA阳性[例(%)] 37(97.4) 67(95.7) 0.189 0.559
    AMA阳性[例(%)] 22(57.9) 51(77.1) 3.742 0.053
    AMA-M2阳性[例(%)] 22(57.9) 56(80.0) 6.481 0.011
    AMA-3E阳性[例(%)] 20(52.6) 56(80.0) 8.848 0.003
    gp210阳性[例(%)] 15(39.5) 20(28.6) 1.336 0.248
    Sp100阳性[例(%)] 2(5.3) 10(14.3) 2.030 0.154
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  PBC合并MAFLD组与PBC组ANA分型的比较

    Table  5.   Comparisons of ANA typing-indices between MAFLD combined with PBC group and MAFLD group

    ANA分型 PBC合并MAFLD组(n=37) PBC组(n=67) χ2 P
    胞浆颗粒型[例(%)] 5(13.5) 8(11.9) 0.054 >0.05
    核膜型[例(%)] 10(27.0) 16(23.9) 0.126 0.723
    核颗粒型[例(%)] 7(18.9) 11(16.4) 0.104 0.747
    核仁型[例(%)] 2(5.4) 1(1.5) 1.303 0.288
    核点型[例(%)] 5(13.5) 3(4.5) 2.741 0.129
    着丝点型[例(%)] 7(18.9) 18(26.9) 0.824 0.364
    线粒体型[例(%)] 20(54.1) 54(80.6) 8.182 0.004
    均质型[例(%)] 1(2.7) 2(3.0) 0.007 >0.05
    纺锤体型[例(%)] 0(0.0) 1(1.5) 0.558 >0.05
    棒环状高尔基体型[例(%)] 1(2.7) 0(0.0) 1.828 0.356
    溶酶体型[例(%)] 0(0.0) 1(1.5) 0.558 >0.05
    肌动蛋白型[例(%)] 0(0.0) 2(3.0) 1.126 0.537
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  MAFLD组、PBC合并MAFLD组与PBC组FibroScan参数的比较

    Table  6.   Comparisons of FibroScan among MAFLD group and MAFLD combined with PBC group and MAFLD group

    指标 MAFLD组(n=79) PBC合并MAFLD组(n=38) PBC组(n=70) 统计值 P
    CAP(db/m) 288.12±37.18 264.09±62.172) 195.53±31.591) F=39.642 <0.001
    LSM(kPa) 5.30(3.70~7.40) 8.00(5.10~19.70)1) 12.00(8.05~30.30)1) χ2=27.916 <0.001
    APRI 0.28(0.23~0.40) 0.44(0.27~0.93)1)2) 1.34(0.50~2.11)1) χ2=58.665 <0.001
    FIB-4 0.56(0.40~0.60) 1.57(1.04~2.78)1)2) 3.66(3.57~5.65)1) χ2=66.028 <0.001

    注:与MAFLD组比较,1)P<0.05;与PBC组比较,2)P<0.05。

    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-04-22
  • 录用日期:  2023-05-18
  • 出版日期:  2024-08-25
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