1992—2021年中国乙型肝炎及其肝硬化疾病负担分析
DOI: 10.12449/JCH251011
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摘要:
目的 分析我国乙型肝炎及其肝硬化疾病负担变化趋势和影响因素,为防治策略优化提供依据。 方法 基于全球疾病负担研究(GBD)2021年数据库,采用Joinpoint回归模型计算1992—2021年慢性乙型肝炎及其肝硬化年龄标准化发病率、患病率、死亡率及伤残调整生命年(DALY)率的平均年度变化百分比,建立年龄-时期-队列模型评估发病风险,运用ARIMA模型预测2022—2031年疾病负担趋势。 结果 1992—2021年,中国乙型肝炎及其肝硬化总体年龄标准化发病率、年龄标准化患病率、年龄标准化死亡率和年龄标准化DALY率均呈下降趋势,平均每年分别下降4.52%(95%CI:-4.63%~-4.44%,P<0.05)、2.73%(95%CI:-2.80%~-2.66%,P<0.05)、3.41%(95%CI:-3.50%~-3.33%,P<0.05)和3.55%(95%CI:-3.65%~-3.48%,P<0.05) 。 男性的年龄标准化发病率、年龄标准化患病率、年龄标准化死亡率和年龄标准化DALY率均高于女性。1992—2021年中国乙型肝炎及其肝硬化发病风险随年龄增长呈现先下降后上升再下降趋势,发病风险随时间呈现下降趋势,随出生队列呈现先上升后下降趋势。预测模型结果显示,2022—2031年中国乙型肝炎及其肝硬化的年龄标准化发病率、年龄标准化患病率、年龄标准化死亡率和年龄标准化DALY率均呈下降趋势。 结论 1992—2021年,中国乙型肝炎及其肝硬化疾病负担呈现下降趋势,并将在随后10年维持下降趋势,其发病风险存在性别和年龄差异。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the changing trend of the disease burden of hepatitis B and its related liver cirrhosis in China, to identify related influencing factors, and to provide a basis for optimizing prevention and treatment strategies. Methods Based on the data from Global Burden of Disease Study in 2021, the Joinpoint regression model was used to calculate the average annual percentage change of the age-standardized incidence rate, prevalence rate, mortality rate, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rate of chronic hepatitis B and its related liver cirrhosis from 1992 to 2021. An age-period-cohort model was established to assess the risk of disease onset, and the ARIMA model was used to predict the trend of disease burden from 2022 to 2031. Results From 1992 to 2021, there was a tendency of reduction in the overall age-standardized incidence rate, prevalence rate, mortality rate, and DALY rate of hepatitis B and its related liver cirrhosis in China, with an average annual decline of 4.52% (95% confidence interval [CI]: -4.63% to -4.44%, P<0.05), 2.73% (95%CI: -2.80% to -2.66%, P<0.05), 3.41% (95%CI: -3.50% to -3.33%, P<0.05), and 3.55% (95%CI: -3.65% to -3.48%, P<0.05), respectively. Compared with female individuals, male individuals had significantly higher age-standardized incidence rate, prevalence rate, mortality rate, and DALY rate. From 1992 to 2021, the risk of hepatitis B and its related liver cirrhosis in China first decreased, then increased, and decreased again with age, and it showed an tendency of reduction with time, while it first increased and then decreased with birth cohort. The predictive model showed that there would be a tendency of reduction in the age-standardized incidence rate, prevalence rate, mortality rate, and DALY rate of hepatitis B and its related liver cirrhosis in China from 2022 to 2031. Conclusion From 1992 to 2021, there was a tendency of reduction in the disease burden of hepatitis B and its related liver cirrhosis in China, and it would maintain a downward trend in the next decade. There are sex and age differences in the risk of hepatitis B and its related liver cirrhosis. -
Key words:
- Hepatitis B /
- Liver Cirrhosis /
- Cost of Illness /
- China
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表 1 1992和2021年中国乙型肝炎及其肝硬化的疾病负担状况
Table 1. Disease burden of hepatitis B and its related liver cirrhosis in China, 1992—2021
项目 1992年 2021年 1992—2021年 人群1)
(95%UI)标准化率2)(1/10万)
(95%UI)人群1)
(95%UI)标准化率(1/10万)
(95%UI)AAPC(%)
(95%CI)P值 发病情况 总体 2 753 206
(2 322 131~3 155 827)228.39
(192.47~262.12)956 384
(717 725~1 236 378)60.98
(47.22~76.56)-4.52
(-4.63~-4.44)<0.05 男性 1 701 059
(1 449 163~1 931 891)270.59
(230.22~306.86)618 140
(475 016~778 475)76.42
(60.17~94.21)-4.31
(-4.40~-4.24)<0.05 女性 1 052 147
(858 370~1 227 503)183.12
(148.66~214.73)338 244
(238 243~461 197)44.71
(32.87~58.40)-4.83
(-5.00~-4.71)<0.05 患病情况 总体 129 149 338
(118 050 775~142 068 782)10 558.58
(9 666.53~11 554.75)83 045 550
(74 545 165~91 217 016)4 774.69
(4 282.97~5 260.42)-2.73
(-2.80~-2.66)<0.05 男性 76 485 519
(70 097 003~83 872 186)12 121.79
(11 104.77~13 253.00)50 142 720
(45 240 569~55 159 192)5 662.48
(5 096.07~6 258.19)-2.60
(-2.66~-2.53)<0.05 女性 52 663 819
(47 958 312~58 254 837)8 898.40
(8 101.6~9 797.78)32 902 830
(29 175 900~36 284 412)3 858.60
(3 419.51~4 295.76)-2.90
(-2.95~-2.82)<0.05 死亡情况 总体 141 314
(122 692~162 864)15.25
(13.27~17.56)115 933
(91 235~142 893)5.72
(4.52~7.03)-3.41
(-3.50~-3.33)<0.05 男性 94 711
(78 979~113 213)20.16
(16.92~23.96)85 089
(63 859~109 423)8.86
(6.70~11.31)-2.87
(-2.97~-2.78)<0.05 女性 46 602
(37 961~55 139)10.43
(8.55~12.30)30 843
(22 806~42 266)2.85
(2.11~3.91)-4.45
(-4.57~-4.36)<0.05 DALY情况 总体 4 877 901
(4 230 044~5 631 613)466.94
(405.64~538.77)3 348 579
(2 631 293~4 157 898)167.03
(131.45~206.94)-3.55
(-3.65~-3.48)<0.05 男性 3 470 694
(2 905 638~4 101 821)640.13
(538.04~761.66)2 600 137
(1 948 604~3 327 383)264.23
(200.03~336.31)-3.07
(-3.17~-2.99)<0.05 女性 1 407 207
(1 147 829~1 674 846)284.89
(232.81~337.93)748 442
(558 493~1 028 005)70.56
(52.79~96.58)-4.77
(-4.88~-4.68)<0.05 注:1)发病情况、患病情况和死亡情况单位均为“例”,DALY单位为“人年”;2)发病情况、患病情况、死亡情况、DALY情况分别对应年龄标准化发病率、年龄标准化患病率、年龄标准化死亡率和年龄标准化DALY率。95%UI,95%不确定区间。
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