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多房棘球蚴病患者钙盐沉积的影响因素分析

熊梓彤 林芷伊 黄延鑫 房福众 吴正展 辛子睿 胡春霞 周嘉煜 姚远 张宏伟

引用本文:
Citation:

多房棘球蚴病患者钙盐沉积的影响因素分析

DOI: 10.12449/JCH260217
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 (81860363);

兵团财政科技计划项目重点领域科技攻关计划 (2022DB028)

伦理学声明:本研究方案于2024年11月25日经由石河子大学第一附属医院伦理委员会审批通过,批号:KJ2024-453-01,患者均签署知情同意书。
利益冲突声明:本研究不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:张宏伟负责提出研究的思路及设计,并全程指导论文工作;熊梓彤负责课题设计、资料分析及撰写论文;林芷伊、黄延鑫、房福众、吴正展负责收集数据和修改论文;辛子睿、胡春霞、周嘉煜、姚远负责文章的前期工作内容。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    张宏伟, zhw0108@163.com (ORCID: 0000-0002-3505-5824)

Influencing factors for calcium salt deposition in patients with alveolar echinococcosis

Research funding: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China (81860363);

Science and Technology Research Program in Key Areas of Financial Science and Technology Program of the Corps (2022DB028)

More Information
    Corresponding author: ZHANG Hongwei, zhw0108@163.com (ORCID: 0000-0002-3505-5824)
  • 摘要:   目的  回顾性分析多房棘球蚴病患者的影像学钙盐沉积特征与血清学指标,了解影响病灶钙盐沉积程度的独立影响因素,进而为评估疾病进程提供依据。  方法  回顾性收集石河子大学第一附属医院2023年12月—2025年6月收治的107例多房棘球蚴病患者的影像和临床资料,根据钙盐沉积体积比分为无沉积组(n=16)、轻度沉积组(n=52)、中度沉积组(n=16)和重度沉积组(n=23)。计量资料组间比较采用单因素方差分析或Kruskal-Wallis H检验,计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验或Fisher精确检验。进一步将4组合并为低度沉积组(无沉积组+轻度沉积组)和高度沉积组(中度沉积组+重度沉积组),采用二分类Logistic回归分析钙盐沉积的独立影响因素,并建立预测模型。通过接受者操作特征曲线评估模型预测效能,并使用Bootstrap法进行内部验证。  结果  性别分布、疾病是否累及其他部位,以及白细胞计数、淋巴细胞百分比、纤维蛋白原、尿酸、钠离子、氯离子及钙离子水平4组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.0.5)。单因素分析显示,性别、是否累及其他部位、白细胞计数、淋巴细胞百分比、纤维蛋白原、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、白蛋白、肌酐、尿酸、钠离子、氯离子和钙离子4组间比较P值均<0.1。多重共线性诊断显示,所有连续变量的VIF值为1.104~1.760,表明共线性问题不影响建模。最终选取性别、是否累及其他部位、钙离子、淋巴细胞百分比和尿酸构建有序Logistic回归模型。多因素分析显示,淋巴细胞百分比[比值比(OR)=1.106,95%置信区间(CI):1.041~1.174,P=0.001]和血钙水平(OR=0.005,95%CI:0.000~0.230,P=0.007)是钙盐沉积程度的独立影响因素。模型回归方程为:Logit(P)=8.231+0.100×淋巴细胞百分比-5.344×钙离子。受者操作特征曲线分析显示,曲线下面积为0.716,约登指数为0.353,敏感度为1.000,特异度为0.353。Hosmer-Lemeshow检验提示模型校准度较差(χ2=20.688,P=0.008)。经Bootstrap法1 000次重复抽样验证,淋巴细胞百分比(OR=1.106,95%CI:1.049~1.186,P=0.002)和钙离子(OR=0.005,95%CI:0.000~0.214,P=0.010)的估计值与原始模型一致,置信区间均未包含1,进一步支持模型的可靠性。  结论  淋巴细胞百分比及血钙水平均为多房棘球蚴病钙盐沉积的独立影响因素,血钙越低、淋巴细胞百分比越高,多房棘球蚴病灶的钙盐沉积程度越严重。

     

  • 注: a~d,无钙盐沉积组;e~h,轻度钙盐沉积组;i~l,中度钙盐沉积组;m~p,重度钙盐沉积组。a、e、i、m,CT平扫钙盐沉积区(红色区域)分割图;b、f、j、n,增强CT静脉期病灶区(绿色区域)分割图;c、g、k、o,钙盐沉积体积的三维图;d、h、l、p,病灶体积的三维图。S,三维图中的方向south。CT,计算机体层成像。

    图  1  各钙盐沉积组多房棘球蚴病患者CT影像及其钙盐沉积三维图

    Figure  1.  CT images of patients with echinococcosis multilocularis disease in each calcium deposition group and their three-dimensional images of calcium salt deposition

    图  2  预测模型对多房棘球蚴病患者钙盐沉积的受试者操作特征曲线

    Figure  2.  Receiver operator characteristic curve of the prediction model for calcium deposition in patients with echinococcosis multilocularis

    表  1  多房棘球蚴病患者基线资料对比

    Table  1.   Comparative analysis of baseline characteristics in patients with echinococcosis multilocularis

    指标 无沉积组(n=16) 轻度沉积组(n=52) 中度沉积组(n=16) 重度沉积组(n=23) 统计值 P
    性别[例(%)] χ2=12.559 0.006
    13(81.25) 22(42.31) 4(25.00) 14(60.87)
    3(18.75) 30(57.69) 12(75.00) 9(39.13)
    年龄(岁) 41.25 ± 3.47 41.00 ± 1.92 47.44 ± 2.80 38.78 ± 3.32 F=1.278 0.286
    病程(年) 4.30(2.63~7.38) 3.00(1.50~5.88) 2.50(0.85~5.25) 2.00(1.00~3.70) H=5.080 0.166
    累及其他部位[例(%)] 0(0.00) 16(30.77) 6(37.50) 6(26.09) 0.0101)

    注:1)为Fisher’s精确检验。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  各组多房棘球蚴病患者炎症与免疫相关指标比较

    Table  2.   Comparative analysis of inflammatory and immune-related parametersin patients with echinococcosis multilocularis in each group

    指标 无沉积组(n=16) 轻度沉积组(n=52) 中度沉积组(n=16) 重度沉积组(n=23) 统计值 P
    白细胞计数
    (×109/L)
    7.391 ± 0.349 7.080 ± 0.276 5.475 ± 0.333 5.905 ± 0.298 F=6.041 0.001
    中性粒细胞
    百分比(%)
    56.528
    (49.425~66.325)
    58.800
    (51.025~65.200)
    57.000
    (47.300~60.175)
    56.300
    (50.700~59.400)
    H=2.601 0.457
    淋巴细胞百分比(%) 27.417 ± 2.262 26.240 ± 0.978 31.025 ± 2.108 31.188 ± 1.572 F=3.065 0.031
    单核细胞百分比(%) 6.801 ± 0.280 7.455 ± 0.286 7.169 ± 0.396 7.872 ± 0.367 F=1.192 0.317
    嗜酸性细胞
    百分比(%)
    3.000
    (2.075~8.525)
    4.450
    (2.925~8.475)
    4.000
    (2.350~7.875)
    4.300
    (2.900~5.700)
    H=1.115 0.773
    嗜碱性细胞
    百分比(%)
    0.650
    (0.40~0.871)
    0.800
    (0.620~1.000)
    0.700
    (0.500~1.175)
    0.800
    (0.600~1.300)
    H=3.526 0.317
    纤维蛋白原(g/L) 3.249 ± 0.320 3.811 ± 0.165 3.428 ± 0.220 3.056 ± 0.176 F=2.955 0.036
    D-二聚体(mg/L) 0.365
    (0.218~0.890)
    0.520
    (0.167~0.845)
    0.760
    (0.388~1.220)
    0.410
    (0.110~0.955)
    H=3.556 0.314
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  各组多房棘球蚴病患者代谢与生化相关指标比较

    Table  3.   Comparative analysis of metabolic and biochemical parameters in patient with alveolar echinococcosis in each group

    指标 无沉积组(n=16) 轻度沉积组(n=52) 中度沉积组(n=16) 重度沉积组(n=23) 统计值 P
    丙氨酸氨基转移酶
    (U/L)
    44.509
    (28.475~75.325)
    32.800
    (19.000~50.750)
    21.250
    (16.775~46.500)
    23.000
    (15.000~48.730)
    H=6.668 0.083
    天冬氨酸氨基转移酶
    (U/L)
    32.750
    (26.575~47.991)
    33.450
    (21.000~45.025)
    27.650
    (16.750~32.700)
    26.000
    (20.000~47.700)
    H=3.888 0.274
    碱性磷酸酶(U/L) 186.600
    (92.125~300.326)
    196.000
    (106.475~257.200)
    143.500
    (112.450~220.860)
    107.000
    (77.500~223.400)
    H=4.684 0.196
    γ-谷氨酰转移酶
    (U/L)
    146.101
    (43.075~300.000)
    104.150
    (43.200~154.107)
    65.950
    (31.125~144.466)
    65.000
    (36.000~150.000)
    H=3.872 0.276
    总蛋白(g/L) 79.830 ± 2.457 78.594 ± 1.243 74.444 ± 2.094 75.780 ± 1.803 F=1.526 0.212
    白蛋白(g/L) 40.141 ± 0.985 37.027 ± 0.632 36.775 ± 1.006 38.198 ± 0.905 F=2.436 0.069
    球蛋白(g/L) 39.222 ± 2.734 41.170 ± 1.544 37.669 ± 2.379 37.253 ± 1.970 F=0.948 0.420
    白蛋白/球蛋白 1.100
    (0.825~1.475)
    0.900
    (0.700~1.275)
    1.000
    (0.725~1.275)
    1.000
    (0.700~1.400)
    H=2.591 0.459
    二氧化碳结合力
    (mmol/L)
    21.700
    (18.475~23.210)
    22.500
    (21.000~24.675)
    21.300
    (20.475~23.700)
    22.900
    (20.579~24.300)
    H=3.426 0.330
    尿素(mmol/L) 5.500
    (4.100~6.615)
    5.100
    (4.125~6.068)
    5.147
    (4.140~5.408)
    5.094
    (4.300~6.382)
    H=0.766 0.858
    肌酐(μmol/L) 66.400
    (58.382~74.200)
    62.400
    (51.425~67.200)
    57.600
    (48.775~69.500)
    65.300
    (60.354~74.300)
    H=6.290 0.098
    尿酸(μmol/L) 347.300
    (296.663~440.400)
    289.073
    (261.025~305.182)
    287.730
    (235.850~320.289)
    301.681
    (253.000~362.000)
    H=9.890 0.020
    eGFR(CKD-EPI)
    (mL/min)
    112.624
    (109.731~124.325)
    110.185
    (103.120~117.805)
    105.979
    (98.955~115.333)
    106.077
    (99.200~120.500)
    H=4.376 0.224
    钾离子(mmol/L) 4.030
    (3.800~4.345)
    4.100
    (3.800~4.300)
    3.950
    (3.390~4.146)
    4.060
    (3.700~4.300)
    H=1.966 0.579
    钠离子(mmol/L) 141.700
    (139.125~142.975)
    139.900
    (137.500~142.700)
    142.650
    (140.650~143.750)
    139.900
    (138.200~141.900)
    H=9.626 0.022
    氯离子(mmol/L) 107.050
    (105.700~109.375)
    106.150
    (103.750~109.425)
    107.750
    (106.550~111.175)
    106.200
    (105.100~107.000)
    H=8.550 0.036
    钙离子(mmol/L) 2.257 ± 0.027 2.197 ± 0.015 2.143 ± 0.023 2.174 ± 0.031 F=2.826 0.042
    镁离子(mmol/L) 0.816 ± 0.031 0.810 ± 0.012 0.848 ± 0.014 0.822 ± 0.018 F=0.750 0.275
    磷离子(mmol/L) 1.204 ± 0.052 1.164 ± 0.026 1.163 ± 0.036 1.206 ± 0.061 F=0.323 0.808

    注:eGFR,估算的肾小球滤过率;CKD-EPI,慢性肾脏病流行病学合作研究。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  影响多房棘球蚴病患者钙盐沉积的二元Logistic回归分析

    Table  4.   Binary Logistic regression analysis of calcium deposition in patients with echinococcosis multilocularis

    因素 系数估计值 SE Wald χ2 P 比值比(95%置信区间)
    淋巴细胞百分比 0.100 0.031 10.593 0.001 1.106(1.041~1.174)
    钙离子 -5.344 1.978 7.301 0.007 0.005(0.000~0.230)
    常量 8.231 4.116 4.000 0.046
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  多房棘球蚴病患者钙盐沉积影响因素的Bootstrap验证(n=1 000)

    Table  5.   Factors affecting calcium deposition in patients with echinococcosis multilocularis cyst (Bootstrap validation, n=1 000)

    变量 原始模型 Bootstrap验证
    比值比(95%置信区间) P 比值比(95%置信区间) P
    淋巴细胞百分比 1.106(1.041~1.174) 0.001 1.105(1.049~1.186) 0.002
    钙离子 0.005(0.000~0.230) 0.007 0.005(0.000~0.214) 0.010
    下载: 导出CSV
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    [23] RODRIGUES JJ, FERREIRA HB, FARIAS SE, et al. A protein with a novel calcium-binding domain associated with calcareous corpuscles in Echinococcus granulosus[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1997, 237( 2): 451- 456. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7025.
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  • 收稿日期:  2025-09-11
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  • 出版日期:  2026-02-25
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