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肝纤维化4因子指数及肝脏瞬时弹性成像在社区代谢相关脂肪性肝病肝纤维化危险分层中的应用价值

郭海清 李雅宁 刘晓慧 张晶 王玉民 曹黎 仇丽霞

引用本文:
Citation:

肝纤维化4因子指数及肝脏瞬时弹性成像在社区代谢相关脂肪性肝病肝纤维化危险分层中的应用价值

DOI: 10.12449/JCH260610
基金项目: 

国家科技重大专项 (2023ZD0508700);

国家科技重大专项 (2023ZD0508703);

首都卫生发展科研专项 (2023-2S-003);

首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院中青年人才孵育项目 (BJYAYY-YN2025-19);

北京市高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目 (03-23);

北京市属医院科研培育计划项目 (PX2023061)

伦理学声明:本研究于2023年7月25日经由白纸坊社区卫生服务中心伦理委员会审批,批号:20230043。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:郭海清、李雅宁负责资料分析,论文撰写;刘晓慧负责收集数据;张晶、王玉民负责修改论文;曹黎、仇丽霞负责课题设计、拟定写作思路及最后定稿。郭海清、李雅宁对本文贡献相同,为共同第一作者。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    曹黎, caoli1983@163.com (ORCID: 0009-0006-3714-3672)

    仇丽霞, qiulixia@ccmu.edu.cn (ORCID: 0000-0001-9662-8705)

Application value of fibrosis-4 index and liver transient elastography in liver fibrosis risk stratification for metabolic associated fatty liver disease in community health institutions

Research funding: 

National Major Science and Technology Project (2023ZD0508700);

National Major Science and Technology Project (2023ZD0508703);

Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (2023-2S-003);

Scientific Research Project of Beijing Youan Hospital (BJYAYY-YN2025-19);

Beijing High-Level Public Health Technical Personnel Training Program (03-23);

Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program (PX2023061)

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的  旨在对社区卫生机构就诊人群进行代谢相关脂肪性肝病(MAFLD)筛查,通过肝纤维化4因子指数(FIB-4)及肝脏瞬时弹性成像检测肝脏硬度值(LSM),以识别进展期肝纤维化低、中、高危患者,并实施分层管理。  方法  选取2024年1—7月北京市白纸坊社区卫生机构630例就诊人群进行横断面研究,将患者分为MAFLD组和非MAFLD组,按照体重指数(BMI)进一步将MAFLD组分为瘦型MAFLD组(BMI<23 kg/m2)和非瘦型MAFLD组(BMI≥23 kg/m2),比较各组人口学特征、实验室指标、肝脂肪变性及LSM等。通过FIB-4和LSM对MAFLD患者进行肝纤维化危险分层,并对患者实施上级医院转诊与社区卫生机构随访的闭环管理。非正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验,计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验或Fisher精确检验。  结果  本研究中MAFLD组为445例(70.6%),非MAFLD组为185例(29.4%)。与非MAFLD组相比,MAFLD组男性占比(χ2=4.299)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平(Z=3.484)显著降低,而体重(Z=-7.366)、BMI(Z=-9.740)、腰围(Z=-6.397)、臀围(Z=-6.935)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(Z=-2.765)、空腹血糖(Z=-3.646)、甘油三酯(Z=-6.569)、总胆固醇(Z=-2.033)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Z=-2.935)、受控衰减参数(Z=-19.784)、LSM(Z=-5.703)显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。在MAFLD组中,瘦型MAFLD组124例(27.9%),非瘦型MAFLD组321例(72.1%)。瘦型MAFLD组体重(Z=-12.414)、BMI(Z=-16.363)、腰围(Z=-7.733)、臀围(Z=-8.595)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(Z=-2.835)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(Z=-1.972)、甘油三酯(Z=-2.407)、受控衰减参数(Z=-4.429)、脂肪变程度(χ2=16.588)和LSM(Z=-3.908)显著低于非瘦型MAFLD组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。基于FIB-4及LSM的检测结果,76例肝纤维化中、高危患者应转诊至上级医院继续治疗。  结论  在社区卫生机构就诊人群中,MAFLD检出率达70.6%,其中76例患者(17.1%)应转诊至上级医院。基于FIB-4和LSM建立的社区MAFLD肝纤维化危险分层及管理体系,为社区卫生机构慢病管理及转诊体系建设提供了可推广的实践路径。

     

  • 注: FIB-4,肝纤维化4因子指数;LSM,肝脏硬度值。

    图  1  白纸坊社区与佑安医院联合转诊及管理流程图

    Figure  1.  Flow chart of joint referral and management between Baizhifang Community and You’an Hospital

    注: MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病。

    图  2  患者入组流程图

    Figure  2.  Patient enrollment flow diagram

    表  1  按MAFLD分层的患者特征、临床指标及合并症情况比较

    Table  1.   Patient characteristics, clinical indicators, and comorbidities stratified by MAFLD

    指标 MAFLD组(n=445) 非MAFLD组(n=185) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 69.0(66.0~73.0) 70.0(67.0~74.0) Z=1.893 0.058
    男性[例(%)] 186(41.8) 94(50.8) χ2=4.299 0.038
    体重(kg) 69.2(60.6~76.8) 61.1(55.9~67.1) Z=-7.366 <0.001
    BMI(kg/m2 25.7(23.8~28.0) 22.9(21.4~24.6) Z=-9.740 <0.001
    腰围(cm) 88.5(84.0~95.0) 84.0(80.0~88.5) Z=-6.397 <0.001
    臀围(cm) 100.0(95.0~105.0) 95.0(90.0~98.0) Z=-6.935 <0.001
    腰臀比 0.90(0.87~0.93) 0.90(0.86~0.93) Z=-1.351 0.177
    PLT(×109/L) 242.0(204.0~281.0) 241.0(198.0~289.0) Z=0.374 0.709
    ALT(U/L) 15.0(12.0~24.0) 15.0(11.0~19.0) Z=-2.765 0.006
    AST(U/L) 19.0(16.0~23.0) 18.0(16.0~21.0) Z=-1.337 0.181
    空腹血糖(mmol/L) 6.8(5.9~8.1) 6.2(5.3~7.8) Z=-3.646 <0.001
    糖化血红蛋白(%) 6.7(6.2~7.5) 6.6(6.2~7.4) Z=-0.755 0.450
    TG(mmol/L) 1.4(1.0~1.9) 1.0(0.7~1.5) Z=-6.569 <0.001
    TC(mmol/L) 4.4(3.8~5.3) 4.3(3.8~4.9) Z=-2.033 0.042
    HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.5(1.3~1.8) 1.6(1.4~1.9) Z=3.484 0.001
    LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.7(2.1~3.4) 2.4(2.0~3.0) Z=-2.935 0.003
    CAP(dB/m) 300.0(277.0~328.0) 216.0(190.0~234.0) Z=-19.784 <0.001
    LSM(kPa) 5.2(4.3~6.7) 4.4(3.6~5.4) Z=-5.703 <0.001
    高血压[例(%)] 375(84.3) 146(78.9) χ2=2.615 0.106
    2型糖尿病[例(%)] 396(89.0) 159(85.9) χ2=1.154 0.283

    注:MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病;BMI,体重指数;PLT,血小板;ALT,丙氨酸氨基转移酶;AST,天冬氨酸氨基转移酶;TG,甘油三酯;TC,总胆固醇;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇;LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇;CAP,受控衰减参数;LSM,肝脏硬度值。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  按BMI分层的患者特征、临床指标及合并症

    Table  2.   Patient characteristics, clinical indicators, and comorbidities stratified by BMI

    指标 瘦型MAFLD组(n=124) 非瘦型MAFLD组(n=321) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 69.0(66.0~73.0) 69.0(66.0~73.0) Z=0.874 0.382
    男性[例(%)] 44(35.5) 142(44.2) χ2=2.817 0.093
    体重(kg) 58.6(55.0~63.2) 72.5(66.0~79.7) Z=-12.414 <0.001
    BMI(kg/m2 22.6(21.5~23.3) 27.0(25.3~29.0) Z=-16.363 <0.001
    腰围(cm) 85.0(82.0~88.5) 90.0(86.0~97.0) Z=-7.733 <0.001
    臀围(cm) 95.0(90.0~98.0) 100.0(96.0~108.0) Z=-8.595 <0.001
    腰臀比 0.90(0.86~0.93) 0.90(0.88~0.94) Z=-1.425 0.154
    PLT(×109/L) 249.0(205.0~284.0) 238.0(203.0~280.0) Z=1.567 0.117
    ALT(U/L) 14.0(11.0~20.0) 16.0(13.0~25.0) Z=-2.835 0.005
    AST(U/L) 18.0(16.0~21.0) 19.0(16.0~24.0) Z=-1.972 0.049
    空腹血糖(mmol/L) 6.5(5.7~8.2) 6.9(6.0~8.1) Z=-1.461 0.144
    糖化血红蛋白(%) 6.5(6.2~7.2) 6.8(6.2~7.5) Z=-1.553 0.121
    TG(mmol/L) 1.3(1.0~1.7) 1.4(1.0~1.9) Z=-2.407 0.016
    TC(mmol/L) 4.4(3.9~5.3) 4.4(3.8~5.3) Z=0.251 0.802
    HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.6(1.3~1.8) 1.5(1.3~1.8) Z=1.436 0.151
    LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.7(2.2~3.3) 2.7(2.1~3.4) Z=-0.081 0.935
    CAP(dB/m) 289.0(268.0~308.0) 306.0(283.0~333.0) Z=-4.429 <0.001
    CAP分组[例(%)] χ2=16.588 <0.001
    248 dB/m≤CAP<268 dB/m 31(25.0) 47(14.6)
    268 dB/m≤CAP<294 dB/m 40(32.3) 69(21.5)
    ≥294 dB/m 53(42.7) 205(63.9)
    LSM(kPa) 4.8(4.1~5.7) 5.4(4.3~6.9) Z=-3.908 <0.001
    高血压[例(%)] 102(82.2) 273(85.0) χ2=0.525 0.469
    2型糖尿病[例(%)] 108(87.1) 288(89.7) χ2=0.628 0.428

    注:MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病;BMI,体重指数;PLT,血小板;ALT,丙氨酸氨基转移酶;AST,天冬氨酸氨基转移酶;TG,甘油三酯;TC,总胆固醇;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇;LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇;CAP,受控衰减参数;LSM,肝脏硬度值。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  FIB-4及LSM评估MAFLD患者进展期肝纤维化风险

    Table  3.   Assessment of the risk of advanced fibrosis using FIB-4 and LSM in MAFLD patients

    指标 MAFLD组 瘦型MAFLD组 非瘦型MAFLD组 P
    年龄≤65岁 0.782
    FIB-4<1.30 62/92(67.4%) 17/23(73.9%) 45/69(65.2%)
    1.30≤FIB-4≤2.67 28/92(30.4%) 6/23(26.1%) 22/69(31.9%)
    2.67<FIB-4<3.48 2/92(2.2%) 0/23(0.0) 2/69(2.9%)
    ≥3.48 0/92(0.0) 0/23(0.0) 0/69(0.0)
    年龄>65岁 0.430
    FIB-4<2.0 293/353(83.0%) 88/101(87.1%) 205/252(81.3%)
    2.0≤FIB-4≤2.67 43/353(12.2%) 9/101(8.9%) 34/252(13.5%)
    2.67<FIB-4<3.48 13/353(3.7%) 4/101(4.0%) 9/252(3.6%)
    ≥3.48 4/353(1.1%) 0/101(0.0) 4/252(1.6%)
    LSM(kPa) <0.001
    <8 384/445(86.3%) 120/124(96.8%) 264/321(82.2%)
    8~≤12 46/445(10.3%) 2/124(1.6%) 44/321(13.7%)
    12~<20 9/445(2.0%) 2/124(1.6%) 7/321(2.2%)
    ≥20 6/445(1.4%) 0/124(0.0) 6/321(1.9%)

    注:FIB-4,肝纤维化4因子指数;LSM,肝脏硬度值;MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病。

    下载: 导出CSV
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