舒肝宁注射液治疗肝损伤的有效性和安全性临床分析
DOI: 10.12449/JCH260617
Efficacy and safety of Shuganning injection in treatment of liver injury: A clinical analysis
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摘要:
目的 观察舒肝宁注射液治疗肝损伤患者的临床转归,并与还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)对比分析,探究舒肝宁注射液治疗肝损伤的有效性和安全性。 方法 选取2019年4月25日—2022年2月28日于国内6家中心(首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院、南阳市第一人民医院、西安交通大学第二附属医院、中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心、河北医科大学第三医院、贵州医科大学附属医院)就诊的肝损伤患者175例,分为试验组89例,对照组86例,分别给予舒肝宁注射液和GSH治疗,疗程4周。记录两组患者治疗前后及停药8周后的肝功能、血生化、血脂、凝血、肝纤维化等指标检测结果,中医证候评分、超声影像学检查结果及治疗过程中的不良事件。两组之间计量资料比较采用Wilcoxon秩和检验;分类变量两组间比较采用χ2检验。患者治疗前与治疗第4周及停药后8周观察指标的比较采用配对Wilcoxon符号秩检验。中医证候疗效评价作为结局时,有效与显效合并分析,采用Logistic回归模型,计算比值比(OR)及其95%置信区间(CI)。 结果 舒肝宁注射液治疗4周后,患者中医证候评分较治疗前显著下降(P<0.001),天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素水平均比治疗前明显下降(P值均<0.001),白蛋白水平较治疗前明显升高(P=0.002),且这些指标的显著改善在停药8周后依然存在。此外, 试验组中评价为有效+显效的人数占比显著高于对照组(48.31% vs 32.56%),差异有统计学意义(P=0.033)。试验组在治疗第1~4周和停药后8周的中医证候评分改变较对照组显著,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。治疗第4周,试验组ALT水平降低程度显著大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在停药后第8周,试验组ALT和AST水平降低程度显著大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。试验组中1例(1.12%)患者发生不良事件,判定与病毒性肝炎疾病进展相关。 结论 舒肝宁注射液能有效改善肝损伤,远期疗效良好,不良反应发生率低。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of Shuganning injection in the treatment of liver injury by observing the clinical outcome of patients with liver injury after treatment with Shuganning injection and comparing it with reduced glutathione (GSH). Methods This study was conducted among 175 patients with liver injury who attended 6 hospitals in China (Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University; Nanyang First People’s Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University; The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University; The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University) from April 25, 2019 to February 28, 2022. The patients were divided into experimental group (89 patients treated with Shuganning injection) and control group (86 patients treated with GSH), and the course of treatment was 4 weeks for both groups. Related indicators were recorded before treatment, after treatment, and after drug withdrawal for 8 weeks, including liver function parameters, blood biochemical parameters, blood lipids, coagulation profiles, liver fibrosis markers, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, and ultrasound findings, as well as adverse events during treatment. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for comparison of observation indicators before treatment, at week 4 of treatment, and after drug withdrawal for 8 weeks. When the efficacy evaluation of TCM syndromes was used as the outcome, a pooled analysis was performed for the effective cases and the markedly effective cases, and a Logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and its 95%CI. Results After 4 weeks of treatment with Shuganning injection, the patients showed significant reductions in TCM syndrome score (P<0.001) and the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin (all P<0.001) and a significant increase in the level of albumin (P=0.002), and these significant improvements persisted after drug withdrawal for 8 weeks. Furthermore, compared with the control group, the experimental group had a significantly higher proportion of patients assessed as effective or markedly effective cases (48.31% vs 32.56%, P=0.033). Compared with the control group, the experimental group had a significantly greater change in TCM syndrome score at weeks 1-4 of treatment and after drug withdrawal for 8 weeks (P<0.05). At week 4 of treatment, the experimental group had a significantly greater reduction in alanine aminotransferase than the control group (P<0.05), and at week 8 after drug withdrawal, the experimental group had a significantly greater reduction in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase than the control group (all P<0.05). One patient in the experimental group (1.12%) experienced an adverse event, which was determined to be associated with the progression of viral hepatitis. Conclusion Shuganning injection can effectively improve liver injury, with good long-term efficacy and a low incidence rate of adverse reactions. -
Key words:
- Liver Injury /
- Shuganning Injection /
- Treatment Outcome
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表 1 患者基线特征
Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients
指标 总计(n=175) 试验组(n=89) 对照组(n=86) 统计值 P值 年龄(岁) 39.50 (31.00~52.00) 44.00 (31.00~53.00) 38.00 (31.00~52.00) Z=-0.45 0.654 性别[例(%)] χ²=1.24 男 101 (57.71) 55 (61.80) 46 (53.49) 0.269 女 74 (42.29) 34 (38.20) 40 (46.51) 居住地[例(%)] χ²=3.62 0.062 城市 87 (49.71) 38 (42.70) 49 (56.98) 农村 88 (50.29) 51 (57.30) 37 (43.02) 肝损伤病因[例(%)] χ²=0.35 0.555 乙型肝炎 152 (86.86) 76 (85.39) 76 (88.37) 其他 23 (13.14) 13 (14.61) 10 (11.63) 心率(次/min) 77 (72~84) 76 (71~82) 80 (72~86) Z=-1.80 0.070 饮酒[例(%)] 38 (21.71) 20 (22.47) 18 (20.93) χ²=0.06 0.803 吸烟[例(%)] 37 (21.14) 23 (25.84) 14 (16.28) χ²=2.40 0.118 母婴传播[例(%)] 30 (17.14) 15 (16.85) 15 (17.44) χ²=0.01 0.921 家族中肝细胞癌患者[例(%)] 8 (4.60) 3 (3.37) 5 (5.81) χ²=0.61 0.426 抗病毒治疗[例(%)] 56 (32.00) 33 (37.08) 23 (26.74) χ²=1.92 0.174 表 2 舒肝宁注射液治疗4周各项指标变化
Table 2. Changes in various indicators after four weeks of treatment with Shuganning injection
指标 治疗前 治疗4周 中位差值(95%CI) P值 中医证候评分 11.0(4.0~17.0) 7.0(2.0~14.0) -3.0(-9.0~-1.0) <0.001 肝功能指标 TBil(µmol/L) 25.37(15.40~48.10) 15.56(10.90~25.40) -5.24(-16.37~-0.10) <0.001 DBil(µmol/L) 8.20(4.60~24.70) 5.68(4.00~9.80) -1.70(-6.00~0.09) <0.001 AST(U/L) 110.00(64.00~233.00) 38.20(23.00~56.00) -90.00(-206.00~-17.00) <0.001 ALT(U/L) 216.00(93.70~399.00) 31.00(21.00~66.40) -210.59(-280.49~-154.70) <0.001 GGT(U/L) 84.00(49.00~153.00) 49.00(29.00~78.00) -29.00(-78.00~7.00) <0.001 Alb(g/L) 39.62(33.47~45.77) 45.00(37.88~47.00) 2.02(0.76~3.29) 0.002 TBA(µmol/L) 17.24(6.15~79.20) 6.90(3.86~22.00) -3.75(-31.38~0.20) 0.082 超声检查 肝脏右叶斜径(mm) 124.00(117.00~128.00) 122.43(111.86~133.00) -3.65(-18.50~-0.15) 0.074 门静脉内径(mm) 11.00(10.00~12.00) 11.00(10.00~11.00) -1.00(-3.50~1.00) 0.205 脾门部脾静脉内径(mm) 6.50(6.00~7.00) 6.50(6.00~7.00) 0.00(0.00~0.00) 0.828 凝血指标 PTA(%) 88.73(66.68~110.78) 100.00(91.08~125.10) 27.05(-5.00~34.20) 0.060 INR 1.08(1.00~1.19) 1.00(0.94~1.08) -0.09(-0.16~-0.04) 0.004 APTT(s) 32.85(29.35~38.35) 33.35(28.13~37.13) -1.35(-3.20~0.50) 0.137 FIB (g/L) 2.25(1.67~3.56) 2.26(1.76~2.91) 0.08(-0.34~0.60) 0.141 肝纤维化指标 HA(ng/mL) 115.27(88.30~246.00) 98.74(79.32~189.88) -23.94(-33.29~12.74) 0.516 LN(ng/mL) 59.39(36.35~80.26) 48.44(38.23~58.82) -11.65(-17.18~8.30) <0.001 Ⅲ‐PC(ng/mL) 21.14(11.53~50.10) 27.69(9.27~41.95) -9.31(-25.12~3.05) 0.133 Ⅳ‐C(ng/mL) 64.79(41.00~76.63) 45.73(34.21~60.40) -22.16(-25.76~-7.40) <0.001 血脂指标 TG(mmol/L) 1.30(0.91~1.72) 1.25(0.99~1.45) -0.02(-0.13~0.10) 0.709 HDL‐C(mmol/L) 1.03(0.70~1.36) 1.23(0.94~1.52) 0.07(-0.01~0.14) 0.064 LDL‐C(mmol/L) 2.48(1.95~2.93) 2.70(2.31~3.12) 0.01(-0.32~0.32) 0.965 CHO(mmol/L) 4.13(3.20~4.83) 4.26(3.86~4.73) -0.03(-0.23~0.23) 0.848 注:TBil,总胆红素;DBil,直接胆红素;AST,天冬氨酸氨基转移酶;ALT,丙氨酸氨基转移酶;GGT,γ-谷氨酰转移酶;Alb,白蛋白;TBA,总胆汁酸;PTA,凝血酶原活动度;INR,国际标准化比值;APTT,活化部分凝血活酶时间;FIB,纤维蛋白原;HA,透明质酸;LN,层粘连蛋白;Ⅲ-PC,Ⅲ型前胶原;Ⅳ-C,Ⅳ型胶原;TG,甘油三酯;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇;LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇;CHO,总胆固醇。
表 3 舒肝宁注射液停药后8周各项指标变化
Table 3. Changes of various indexes in the eighth week after withdrawal of Shuganing injection
指标 治疗前 停药后8周 中位差值(95%CI) P值 中医证候评分 11.0(4.0~17.0) 4.5(1.0~13.0) -3.0(-10.0~-1.0) <0.001 肝功能指标 TBil(µmol/L) 25.37(15.40~48.10) 14.50(11.23~21.6) -4.20(-11.40~-1.00) <0.001 DBil(µmol/L) 8.20(4.60~24.70) 4.57(3.34~7.90) -1.60(-4.93~-0.24) <0.001 AST(U/L) 110.00(64.00~233.00) 29.90(21.00~40.00) -94.00(-191.00~-28.80) <0.001 ALT(U/L) 216.00(93.70~399.00) 27.70(18.90~44.00) -217.00(-274.00~-167.90) <0.001 GGT(U/L) 84.00(49.00~153.00) 25.00(17.00~52.00) -31.50(-94.00~-10.00) <0.001 Alb(g/L) 39.62(33.47~45.77) 45.55(41.60~47.50) 2.55(1.20~3.85) <0.001 TBA(µmol/L) 17.24(6.15~79.20) 4.20(2.10~7.70) -3.65(-18.50~-0.15) <0.001 超声检查 肝脏右叶斜径(mm) 124.00(117.00~128.00) 120.55(111.55~129.55) -4.50(-10.00~4.00) 0.001 门静脉内径(mm) 11.00(10.00~12.00) 11.00(11.00~11.00) -0.00(-1.50~2.00) 0.774 脾门部脾静脉内径(mm) 6.50(6.00~7.00) 6.50(6.00~7.00) 0.00(0.00~0.00) 0.914 凝血指标 PTA(%) 88.73(66.68~110.78) 111.80(100.10~121.10) 17.54(9.05~26.14) <0.001 INR 1.08(1.00~1.19) 0.98(0.95~1.03) -0.07(-0.18~-0.02) <0.001 APTT(s) 32.85(29.35~38.35) 34.60(32.02~38.03) 2.10(-1.90~4.30) 0.530 FIB(g/L) 2.25(1.67~3.56) 2.63(2.35~2.95) 0.09(-0.27~1.04) 0.105 肝纤维化指标 HA(ng/mL) 115.27(88.30~246.00) 76.03(62.10~103.51) -41.3(-53.87~-17.38) 0.002 LN(ng/mL) 59.39(36.35~80.26) 42.98(36.32~48.02) -14.08(-26.36~2.50) 0.022 Ⅲ‐PC(ng/mL) 21.14(11.53~50.10) 18.28(5.82~30.74) -16.30(-20.60~-11.95) <0.001 Ⅳ‐C(ng/mL) 64.79(41.00~76.63) 31.02(16.09~45.95) -24.28(-29.21~-19.85) <0.001 血脂指标 TG(mmol/L) 1.30(0.91~1.72) 1.11(0.84~1.32) -0.04(-0.27~0.14) 0.399 HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.03(0.57~1.49) 1.41(1.21~1.48) 0.13(-0.05~0.23) 0.002 LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.48(1.95~2.93) 2.72(2.41~3.13) -0.05(-0.36~0.27) 0.893 CHO(mmol/L) 4.13(3.20~4.83) 4.39(3.91~5.17) 0.04(-0.37~0.29) 0.968 注:TBil,总胆红素;DBil,直接胆红素;AST,天冬氨酸氨基转移酶;ALT,丙氨酸氨基转移酶;GGT,γ-谷氨酰转移酶;Alb,白蛋白;TBA,总胆汁酸;PTA,凝血酶原活动度;INR,国际标准化比值;APTT,活化部分凝血活酶时间;FIB,纤维蛋白原;HA,透明质酸;LN,层粘连蛋白;Ⅲ-PC,Ⅲ型前胶原;Ⅳ-C,Ⅳ型胶原;TG,甘油三酯;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇;LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇;CHO,总胆固醇。
表 4 两组患者中医证候评分变化比较
Table 4. Comparison of score changes in traditional Chinese medicine symptoms between two groups of patients
时间点 试验组(n=89) 对照组(n=86) 中位差值(95%CI) P值 治疗第1周 -1.5(-4.0~0.0) 0.0(-1.0~0.0) -1.0(-2.0~-1.0) <0.001 治疗第2周 -2.0(-6.0~-1.0) -1.0(-2.0~0.0) -1.0(-2.0~-1.0) <0.001 治疗第3周 -2.0(-7.0~-1.0) -1.0(-3.0~0.0) -1.0(-2.0~-1.0) 0.001 治疗第4周 -3.0(-9.0~-1.0) -1.0(-4.0~0.0) -2.0(-3.0~-1.0) <0.001 停药后8周 -3.0(-10.0~-1.0) -2.0(-4.0~0.0) -2.0(-3.0~-1.0) 0.002 表 5 两组患者肝功能指标变化比较
Table 5. Comparison of changes in liver function indicators between two groups of patients
指标 试验组(n=89) 对照组(n=86) 中位差值(95%CI) P值 治疗4周差值 TBil(µmol/L) -5.24(-16.37~-0.10) -7.30(-15.41~0.60) 1.12(-4.32~6.70) 0.769 DBil(µmol/L) -1.70(-6.00~0.09) -1.90(-10.58~0.00) 0.30(-1.50~2.75) 0.663 AST(U/L) -90.00(-206.00~-17.00) -39.00(-140.10~13.00) -21.30(-67.50~14.10) 0.186 ALT(U/L) -210.59(-280.49~-154.70) -94.00(-236.00~-20.80) -73.00(-145.00~-3.60) 0.040 GGT(U/L) -29.00(-78.00~7.00) -13.00(-57.00~6.00) -15.00(-36.00~5.00) 0.122 Alb(g/L) 2.02(0.76~ 3.29) 1.75(0.70~2.60) 0.39(-1.31~2.00) 0.645 TBA(µmol/L) -3.75(-31.38~0.20) 0.68(-8.44~3.00) -1.77(-8.44~4.10) 0.424 停药后8周差值 TBil(µmol/L) -4.20(-11.40~-1.00) -3.30(-11.49~-0.64) 0.20(-2.70~3.81) 0.898 DBil(µmol/L) -1.60(-4.93~-0.24) -1.52(-5.78~-0.41) 0.30(-0.85~1.50) 0.571 AST(U/L) -94.00(-191.00~-28.80) -37.20(-118.00~15.00) -27.45(-67.00~4.00) 0.017 ALT(U/L) -217.00(-274.00~-167.90) -82.95(-180.60~-37.00) -74.64(-137.30~-16.00) 0.011 GGT(U/L) -31.50(-94.00~-10.00) -12.00(-55.00~0.00) -15.00(-32.00~0.16) 0.059 Alb(g/L) 2.55(1.20~3.85) 1.92(0.90~3.15) 0.70(-1.10~2.23) 0.430 TBA(µmol/L) -3.65(-18.50~-0.15) -3.40(-12.80~0.80) 1.30(-2.96~5.90) 0.558 注:TBil,总胆红素;DBil,直接胆红素;AST,天冬氨酸氨基转移酶;ALT,丙氨酸氨基转移酶;GGT,γ-谷氨酰转移酶;Alb,白蛋白;TBA,总胆汁酸。
表 6 两组患者治疗4周血脂指标及肝纤维化指标变化比较
Table 6. Changes in blood lipid indices, liver fibrosis indices and cytokine levels in both groups of patients after four weeks of treatment
指标 试验组(n=89) 对照组(n=86) 中位差值(95%CI) P值 TG(mmol/L) -0.02(-0.13~0.10) -0.01(-0.30~0.11) 0.01(-0.13~0.19) 0.870 HDL-C(mmol/L) 0.07(-0.01~0.14) 0.09(0.02~0.16) -0.02(-0.12~0.07) 0.627 LDL-C(mmol/L) 0.01(-0.32~0.32) 0.03(-0.16~0.26) -0.09(-0.27~0.11) 0.294 CHO(mmol/L) -0.03(-0.23~0.23) 0.11(-0.17~0.38) -0.16(-0.40~0.09) 0.179 HA(ng/mL) -23.94(-33.29~-12.74) -24.78(-30.89~-7.82) 2.76(-8.68~14.95) 0.595 LN(ng/mL) -11.65(-17.18~8.30) -5.98(-14.53~2.40) -4.28(-13.10~7.75) 0.382 Ⅲ-PC(ng/mL) -9.31(-25.12~3.05) -7.68(-17.37~0.92) -3.42(-10.45~3.10) 0.238 Ⅳ-C(ng/mL) -22.16(-25.76~-7.40) -18.26(-25.64~-7.27) 0.80(-6.77~8.90) 0.771 注:TG,甘油三酯;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇;LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇;CHO,总胆固醇;HA,透明质酸;LN,层粘连蛋白;Ⅲ-PC,Ⅲ型前胶原;Ⅳ-C,Ⅳ型胶原。
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