Objective To investigate the treatment methods for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with diabetes.Methods Sixty- eight patients with CHB accompanied by diabetes who were hospitalized in the division of infectious diseases of our hospital from January 2008 to December 2012 were included in the study.These patients were divided into treatment group (n = 41) and control group (n = 27) based on treatment methods.In addition to conventional liver protection treatment, NovoRapid 30 was given to the control group, while NovoRapid 30 combined with modified Yinchenhao decoction were given to the treatment group.During treatment, liver function, blood glucose levels, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels were monitored periodically;liver function recovery time was analyzed statistically;the incidence of hypoglycemia for each patient and daily dose of insulin were recorded and analyzed statistically.Before- after comparison and between- group comparison of means were made by t test.Results After treatment, both groups showed a significant improvement in liver function (P < 0.01) and significant decreases in blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels (P < 0.01) ;the treatment group had a significantly lower glycosylated hemoglobin level than the control group (6.3% ± 0.6% vs 7.3% ± 0.5%, t = 7.46, P < 0.01) .Compared with the control group, the treatment group had a significantly shorter liver function recovery time (28.7 ± 5.61 days vs 35.5 ± 6.33 days, t = 4.53, P < 0.01) , a significantly lower incidence of hypoglycemia (0.8 ± 0.3 times / patient vs 2.2 ± 0.8 times / patient, t = 8.78, P < 0.01) , and a significantly lower daily dose of insulin (37.4 ± 5.2 U vs 44.6 ± 6.5 U, t = 4.86, P < 0.01) .Conclusion Combination therapy with NovoRapid and modified Yinchenhao decoction is an effective, safe, and economical approach to the treatment of CHB with diabetes.