PDF下载 ( 3488 KB)
无胆道重建肝切除术后胆漏危险因素的Meta分析
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2022.03.019
利益冲突声明：本研究不存在研究者、伦理委员会成员、受试者监护人以及与公开研究成果有关的利益冲突。
作者贡献声明：刘飞负责论文构思、文献检索、资料提取、撰写论文；李海负责文献的二次检索及修改文章；巫强指导撰写文章并最后定稿。
Risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy without biliary reconstruction: A Meta - analysis
-
摘要:
目的 系统探讨无胆道重建肝切除术后胆漏的危险因素。 方法 计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library等数据库，收集从建库至2021年4月国内外关于无胆道重建肝切除术后胆漏相关危险因素的研究报道，检索语言仅限于中文和英文。按照Cochrane系统评价方法筛选文献、提取资料并运用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行质量评价。应用RevMan 5.4软件对提取的数据进行Meta分析。 结果 共纳入16篇文献，其中英文13篇，中文3篇，总病例数16 036例。Meta分析结果显示，性别(OR=1.27，95%CI：1.09~1.48，P=0.003)、糖尿病(OR=1.23，95%CI：1.07~1.41，P=0.003)、既往肝脏手术史(OR=2.50，95%CI：1.74~3.59，P < 0.001)、解剖性肝切除(OR=1.58，95%CI：1.09~2.30，P=0.02)、Ⅰ段肝切除(OR=2.56，95%CI：1.50~4.40，P < 0.001)、中央肝切除(S4、S5、S8)(OR=3.51，95%CI：2.80~4.40，P < 0.001)、左三肝切除(OR=3.53，95%CI：2.32~5.36，P < 0.001)、术中输血(OR=2.64，95%CI：1.93~3.60，P < 0.001)为肝切除术后胆漏的危险因素。肝硬化、术前肝功能分级、术前化疗、左/右半肝切除不是胆漏的危险因素(P值均＞0.05)。 结论 影响肝切除术后胆漏的因素较复杂，除性别、糖尿病、既往肝脏手术史等患者自身因素外，术式、切肝范围、术中输血等术中因素也是肝切除术后发生胆漏的危险因素，术者应进行充分的术前评估，术中谨慎操作，以尽可能降低术后胆漏的发生。 -
关键词:
- 肝切除术 /
- 胆漏 /
- 危险因素 /
- Meta分析(主题)
Abstract:Objective To investigate the risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy without biliary reconstruction. Methods CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library were searched for English and Chinese study reports on the risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy without biliary reconstruction published up to April 2021. The method of Cochrane systematic review was used for literature screening and data extraction, and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. RevMan 5.4 software was used to perform a meta-analysis of the extracted data. Results A total of 16 articles (13 in English and 3 in Chinese) were included in this study, with a total of 16036 cases. The meta-analysis showed that sex (odds ratio [OR]=1.27, 95%CI: 1.09-1.48, P=0.003), diabetes (OR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.07-1.41, P=0.003), past history of liver surgery (OR=2.50, 95%CI: 1.74-3.59, P < 0.001), anatomic hepatectomy (OR=1.58, 95%CI: 1.09-2.30, P=0.02), segment I hepatectomy (OR=2.56, 95%CI: 1.50-4.40, P < 0.001), central hepatectomy (S4, S5, S8) (OR=3.51, 95%CI: 2.80-4.40, P < 0.001), left third hepatectomy (OR=3.53, 95%CI: 2.32-5.36, P < 0.001), and intraoperative blood transfusion (OR=2.64, 95%CI: 1.93-3.60, P < 0.001) were the risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy. Liver cirrhosis, preoperative liver function grade, preoperative chemotherapy, and left/right hemihepatectomy were not the risk factors for bile leakage. Conclusion There are complex influencing factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy, and in addition to the patient's own factors such as sex, diabetes, and past history of liver surgery, intraoperative factors, such as surgical procedures, extent of hepatectomy, and intraoperative blood transfusion, are also risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy. The surgeon should conduct adequate preoperative assessment and perform careful operation during surgery to reduce the incidence rate of postoperative bile leakage. -
Key words:
- Hepatectomy /
- Bile Leakage /
- Risk Factors /
- Meta-Analysis as Topic
-
表 1 纳入研究的基本特征及质量评价
作者 年份 国家 样本量(例) 男/女(例) 年龄(岁) 结果(漏/未漏，例) 质量评价(分) Yamashita等[2] 2021 日本 10 102 8039/2063 726/9376 7 Sakamoto等[8] 2016 日本 334 242/92 32~87 30/304 6 Sadamori等[9] 2013 日本 359 292/67 32~89 46/313 6 Panaro等[10] 2016 法国 411 240/171 18~84 42/369 7 Nakano等[11] 2018 日本 556 445/111 28/528 7 Capussotti等[12] 2006 意大利 610 369/241 2~86 22/588 5 Donadon等[13] 2016 意大利 475 326/149 23~85 72/403 6 Erdogan等[14] 2008 荷兰 234 113/121 16/218 6 Guillaud等[15] 2013 法国 1001 683/318 16~90 80/921 6 Harimoto等[16] 2020 日本 270 195/75 28~89 11/259 5 Sadamori等[17] 2010 日本 293 238/55 32~89 38/255 5 Ishii等[18] 2011 日本 247 158/89 26/221 5 Kajiwara等[19] 2016 日本 518 364/154 20~84 81/437 6 吕孟斐等[20] 2015 中国 201 159/42 1~70 42/159 5 邓仲鸣等[21] 2016 中国 109 74/35 22~73 23/86 5 翟中山[22] 2015 中国 316 179/137 20~74 47/269 6 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] CHEN X, LI K, WU YZ, et al. Multivariate analysis for risk factors of bile leakage after hepatectomy[J]. Chin J Gen Surg, 2013, 28(11): 850-853. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-631X.2013.11.011.程翔, 李科, 吴雨哲, 等. 肝切除术后胆漏危险因素的多元回归分析[J]. 中华普通外科杂志, 2013, 28(11): 850-853. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-631X.2013.11.011. [2] YAMASHITA YI, YAMAMOTO H, MIYATA H, et al. Risk factors for bile leakage: Latest analysis of 10 102 hepatectomies for hepatocellular carcinoma from the Japanese national clinical database[J]. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci, 2021, 28(7): 556-562. DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.827. [3] MIURA F, YAMAMOTO M, GOTOH M, et al. Validation of the board certification system for expert surgeons (hepato-biliary-pancreatic field) using the data of the National Clinical Database of Japan: Part 1 - Hepatectomy of more than one segment[J]. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci, 2016, 23(6): 313-323. DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.344. [4] YUE SQ. Diagnosis and treatment of biliary leakage after hepatectomy[J/CD]. Chin J Hepat Surg (Electronic Edition), 2013, 2(2): 128-130. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2013.02.013.岳树强. 肝切除术后胆漏的诊断与治疗[J/CD]. 中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志, 2013, 2(2): 128-130. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2013.02.013. [5] WEN Y, MIAO XY, HUANG SF, et al. The prevention and treatment of bile leakage after the hepatectomy[J]. J Clin Surg, 2005, 13(10): 639-640. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-6483.2005.10.021.文宇, 苗雄鹰, 黄生福, 等. 肝切除术后胆漏的预防与处理[J]. 临床外科杂志, 2005, 13(10): 639-640. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-6483.2005.10.021. [6] GUO B, XU XL, HAN JW, et al. Research progress on the bile leakage after hepatectomy[J]. Hebei Med J, 2020, 42(23): 3639-3644. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-7386.2020.23.031.郭兵, 许晓磊, 韩军伟, 等. 肝切除术后胆漏研究进展[J]. 河北医药, 2020, 42(23): 3639-3644. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-7386.2020.23.031. [7] STANG A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses[J]. Eur J Epidemiol, 2010, 25(9): 603-605. DOI: 10.1007/s10654-010-9491-z. [8] SAKAMOTO K, TAMESA T, YUKIO T, et al. Risk factors and managements of bile leakage after hepatectomy[J]. World J Surg, 2016, 40(1): 182-189. DOI: 10.1007/s00268-015-3156-8. [9] SADAMORI H, YAGI T, SHINOURA S, et al. Risk factors for major morbidity after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Br J Surg, 2013, 100(1): 122-129. DOI: 10.1002/bjs.8957. [10] PANARO F, HACINA L, BOUYABRINE H, et al. Risk factors for postoperative bile leakage: A retrospective single-center analysis of 411 hepatectomies[J]. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int, 2016, 15(1): 81-86. DOI: 10.1016/s1499-3872(15)60424-6. [11] NAKANO R, OHIRA M, KOBAYASHI T, et al. Independent risk factors that predict bile leakage after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Cohort study[J]. Int J Surg, 2018, 57: 1-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.07.005. [12] CAPUSSOTTI L, FERRERO A, VIGANÔ L, et al. Bile leakage and liver resection: Where is the risk?[J]. Arch Surg, 2006, 141(7): 690-694; discussion 695. DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.141.7.690. [13] DONADON M, COSTA G, CIMINO M, et al. Diagnosis and management of bile leaks after hepatectomy: Resultsof a prospective analysis of 475 hepatectomies[J]. World J Surg, 2016, 40(1): 172-181. DOI: 10.1007/s00268-015-3143-0. [14] ERDOGAN D, BUSCH OR, van DELDEN OM, et al. Incidence and management of bile leakage after partial liver resection[J]. Dig Surg, 2008, 25(1): 60-66. DOI: 10.1159/000118024. [15] GUILLAUD A, PERY C, CAMPILLO B, et al. Incidence and predictive factors of clinically relevant bile leakage in the modern era of liver resections[J]. HPB (Oxford), 2013, 15(3): 224-229. DOI: 10.1111/j.1477-2574.2012.00580.x. [16] HARIMOTO N, MURANUSHI R, HOSHINO K, et al. Albumin-Indocyanine Green Evaluation (ALICE) grade predicts bile leakage after hepatic resection[J]. Surg Today, 2020, 50(8): 849-854. DOI: 10.1007/s00595-020-01955-2. [17] SADAMORI H, YAGI T, MATSUDA H, et al. Risk factors for major morbidity after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in 293 recent cases[J]. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci, 2010, 17(5): 709-718. DOI: 10.1007/s00534-010-0275-3. [18] ISHⅡ H, OCHIAI T, MURAYAMA Y, et al. Risk factors and management of postoperative bile leakage after hepatectomy without bilioenteric anastomosis[J]. Dig Surg, 2011, 28(3): 198-204. DOI: 10.1159/000324042. [19] KAJIWARA T, MIDORIKAWA Y, YAMAZAKI S, et al. Clinical score to predict the risk of bile leakage after liver resection[J]. BMC Surg, 2016, 16(1): 30. DOI: 10.1186/s12893-016-0147-0. [20] LYU MF, GUO YM, WANG JG, et al. Analysis of risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy[J]. Hebei Med J, 2015, 37(16): 2442-2444. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-7386.2015.16.012.吕孟斐, 国义民, 王建国, 等. 肝切除术后胆漏的危险因素分析[J]. 河北医药, 2015, 37(16): 2442-2444. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-7386.2015.16.012. [21] DENG ZM, SUN Q. Risk factors and measures of prevention and treatment for bile leakage after hepatectomy[J]. Chin J Clin Res, 2016, 29(2): 204-206. DOI: 10.13429/j.cnki.cjcr.2016.02.015.邓仲鸣, 孙权. 肝切除术后并发胆漏危险因素及防治措施分析[J]. 中国临床研究, 2016, 29(2): 204-206. DOI: 10.13429/j.cnki.cjcr.2016.02.015. [22] ZHAI ZS. Multivariate regression analysis of risk factors for biliary leakage after hepatic R0 resection[J]. Chin Hepatol, 2015, 20(5): 404-407. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-1704.2015.05.017.翟中山. 肝R0切除术后发生胆漏危险因素的多元回归分析[J]. 肝脏, 2015, 20(5): 404-407. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-1704.2015.05.017. [23] KUBO N, SHIRABE K. Treatment strategy for isolated bile leakage after hepatectomy: Literature review[J]. Ann Gastroenterol Surg, 2020, 4(1): 47-55. DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12303. [24] LIU ZY, JIN H, LIU M, et al. Role of bile leakage test in preventing bile leakage during partial liver resection[J]. Chin J Gen Pract, 2014, 13(2): 139-141. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-7368.2014.02.021.刘志毅, 金虎, 刘明, 等. 胆漏试验在肝部分切除术中预防胆漏的作用[J]. 中华全科医师杂志, 2014, 13(2): 139-141. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-7368.2014.02.021. [25] LO CM, FAN ST, LIU CL, et al. Biliary complications after hepatic resection: Risk factors, management, and outcome[J]. Arch Surg, 1998, 133(2): 156-161. DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.133.2.156. [26] WU ZW. Analysis of related factors of bile leakage after hepatobiliary surgery[J]. Chin J Modern Operative Surg, 2014, 18(4): 260-262. DOI: 10.16260/j.cnki.1009-2188.2014.04.008.吴忠卫. 肝胆手术后胆漏的相关因素分析[J]. 中国现代手术学杂志, 2014, 18(4): 260-262. DOI: 10.16260/j.cnki.1009-2188.2014.04.008. [27] CHEN XP, PENG SY. Causes and treatment of bile leakage (a report of 22 cases)[J]. Chin J Pract Surg, 2001, 21(2): 102-104. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2208.2001.02.020.陈晓鹏, 彭淑牖. 胆漏的原因及防治(附22例报告)[J]. 中国实用外科杂志, 2001, 21(2): 102-104. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2208.2001.02.020. [28] ZHENG SM, LI H, LI GC, et al. Risk factors, treatment and impact on outcomes of bile leakage after hemihepatectomy[J]. ANZ J Surg, 2017, 87(7-8): e26-e31. DOI: 10.1111/ans.13073. [29] RAHBARI NN, ELBERS H, KOCH M, et al. Bilirubin level in the drainage fluid is an early and independent predictor of clinically relevant bile leakage after hepatic resection[J]. Surgery, 2012, 152(5): 821-831. DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2012.03.012. [30] CHEN L, LI Y. The risk factors and prediction systems for posthepatectomy complications[J]. J Clin Hepatol, 2019, 35(1): 217-221. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2019.01.048.陈龙, 李钺. 肝切除术后并发症的危险因素及预测评分系统[J]. 临床肝胆病杂志, 2019, 35(1): 217-221. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2019.01.048. [31] YANG JM. Attention should be paid to surgical treatment of recurrent primary liver cancer[J]. J Clin Surg, 2005, 13(3): 129-130. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-6483.2005.03.001.杨甲梅. 重视复发性原发性肝癌的外科治疗[J]. 临床外科杂志, 2005, 13(3): 129-130. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-6483.2005.03.001. [32] BAGDADE JD, STEWART M, WALTERS E. Impaired granulocyte adherence. A reversible defect in host defense in patients with poorly controlled diabetes[J]. Diabetes, 1978, 27(6): 677-681. DOI: 10.2337/diab.27.6.677. [33] LI Q, WANG Y, MA T, et al. Clinical outcomes of patients with and without diabetes mellitus after hepatectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. PLoS One, 2017, 12(2): e0171129. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171129. [34] INOUE Y, SUZUKI Y, YOKOHAMA K, et al. Diabetes mellitus does not influence results of hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma: Case control study[J]. Contemp Oncol (Pozn), 2020, 24(4): 211-215. DOI: 10.5114/wo.2020.102825. [35] YAMAMOTO K, TAKADA Y, FUJIMOTO Y, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in donors for living donor liver transplantation[J]. Transplantation, 2007, 83(3): 257-262. DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000250671.06456.3f. [36] FISCHER A, FUCHS J, STRAVODIMOS C, et al. Influence of diabetes on short-term outcome after major hepatectomy: An underestimated risk?[J]. BMC Surg, 2020, 20(1): 305. DOI: 10.1186/s12893-020-00971-w. [37] INOUE Y, SUZUKI Y, YOKOHAMA K, et al. Diabetes mellitus does not influence results of hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma: Case control study[J]. Contemp Oncol (Pozn), 2020, 24(4): 211-215. DOI: 10.5114/wo.2020.102825. [38] LIANG J, ARⅡZUMI SI, NAKANO M, et al. Diabetes mellitus and/or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma showed favorable surgical outcomes after hepatectomy[J]. Anticancer Res, 2019, 39(10): 5639-5643. DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13760. [39] YAMASHITA Y, HAMATSU T, RIKIMARU T, et al. Bile leakage after hepatic resection[J]. Ann Surg, 2001, 233(1): 45-50. DOI: 10.1097/00000658-200101000-00008. [40] QIAO O, SUN ZW. Biliary leakage after hepatectomy[J]. J Hepatobiliary Surg, 2003, 11(2): 132-133. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-4761.2003.02.024.乔鸥, 孙志为. 肝切除术后胆漏[J]. 肝胆外科杂志, 2003, 11(2): 132-133. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-4761.2003.02.024. [41] NAGANO Y, TOGO S, TANAKA K, et al. Risk factors and management of bile leakage after hepatic resection[J]. World J Surg, 2003, 27(6): 695-698. DOI: 10.1007/s00268-003-6907-x. [42] FRVHLING P, HELLBERG K, EJDER P, et al. The prognostic value of C-reactive protein and albumin in patients undergoing resection of colorectal liver metastases. A retrospective cohort study[J]. HPB (Oxford), 2021, 23(6): 970-978. DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2020.10.019. [43] MA B, TANG GY, WANG L, et al. Prediction of independent risk factors for biliary leakage after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Medical Diet and Health, 2018, 12: 72.马斌, 汤光耀, 王麟, 等. 预测肝细胞癌肝切除术后胆漏的独立危险因素[J]. 医学食疗与健康, 2018, 12: 72. [44] SPETZLER VN, SCHEPERS M, PINNSCHMIDT HO, et al. The incidence and severity of post-hepatectomy bile leaks is affected by surgical indications, preoperative chemotherapy, and surgical procedures[J]. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr, 2019, 8(2): 101-110. DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2019.02.06. [45] Chinese expert consensus and path management guideline for accelerated rehabilitation surgery (2018): Hepatobiliary surgery[J]. Chin J Anesthesiol, 2018, 38(1): 13-18. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-1416.2018.01.101.加速康复外科中国专家共识暨路径管理指南(2018): 肝胆手术部分[J]. 中华麻醉学杂志, 2018, 38(1): 13-18. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-1416.2018.01.101. [46] COSTA G, DONADON M, TORZILLI G. Post-hepatectomy biliary fistula: From risk factors to the role of drain placement and management-still a lot to be answered[J]. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr, 2019, 8(4): 417-418. DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2019.06.10. 期刊类型引用(17)
1. 杨文帅，王立坤，董聪慧，武永萍，石栓柱. 瞬时弹性成像技术联合血清游离脂肪酸对非酒精性脂肪性肝病的诊断价值. 转化医学杂志. 2024(09): 1330-1335 . 
百度学术2. 崔会鹏，田昊宇，关琳，李异玲. 代谢相关性脂肪性肝病无创诊断方法研究进展. 胃肠病学和肝病学杂志. 2022(01): 99-103 . 百度学术3. 凡军芳，胡静，耿旭，庄兰艮，时照明. 2型糖尿病患者肝脏受控衰减参数与血清25-羟维生素D的相关性. 中华全科医学. 2021(05): 794-797 . 百度学术4. 陈雅洁，李昭贤，王洋，曹经琳，窦剑. 瞬时弹性成像技术在肝移植围手术期应用的研究进展. 中华器官移植杂志. 2021(08): 501-504 . 百度学术5. 林俊红，林常青，翁娜，刘宴伟. 中年女性高血压体检者体质指数异常与脂肪肝发病率的相关性研究及护理干预. 全科护理. 2020(10): 1212-1214 . 百度学术6. 张晓静，林淑珍，张志安，温美兰. FibroTouch技术在诊断非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者肝脂肪变程度中的应用. 临床医学. 2020(04): 79-80 . 百度学术7. 李萍英，李娟，谢守珍，杨永耿，陆伦根. FibroTouch联合超声和CT检查诊断高原地区非酒精性脂肪性肝病临床应用研究. 实用肝脏病杂志. 2020(06): 817-820 . 百度学术8. 李正鑫，陈洋溢，赵志敏，吕靖，陈高峰，刘成海. 基于肝脏病理学对慢性乙型肝炎肝硬化患者FibroTouch测量值的影响因素分析. 临床肝胆病杂志. 2019(02): 338-344 . 
本站查看9. 陈中淑. 超声检查在诊断脂肪肝方面的临床应用价值. 当代医药论丛. 2019(10): 26-28 . 百度学术10. 何义华，罗建君，文安怡，程志生，余志映，吴舒婷. 二至解酲汤治疗酒精性肝病临床研究. 中医学报. 2018(06): 1099-1102 . 百度学术11. 何妙峰. 腹部B超对健康体检者脂肪肝筛查的价值分析. 深圳中西医结合杂志. 2018(10): 90-91 . 百度学术12. 王晴晴，胡明芬，杨红洁，禹蔚琴，柏保利，匡小林，庄林. B超在慢性HBV携带者合并非酒精性脂肪性肝病诊断中的应用. 肝脏. 2018(08): 723-727 . 百度学术13. 王新. 脂肪肝与病毒性肝炎B超鉴别诊断结果的对比研究. 心理月刊. 2018(04): 47-48 . 百度学术14. 张志伟. 肝功能与血清学指标水平检验对脂肪肝的诊断价值分析. 中外医疗. 2018(34): 11-13 . 百度学术15. 南胜天. CT及B超在脂肪肝临床诊断中应用的价值. 甘肃科技. 2017(07): 102-103 . 百度学术16. 庄小芳，孙洁，王晓波，王燕，吴琦琦，王晓忠. 瞬时弹性成像技术诊断非酒精性脂肪性肝病的性能评估. 临床肝胆病杂志. 2017(12): 2366-2371 . 本站查看17. 杨杰，曹玉芝，徐永升，王雪，刘闯. 373例非酒精性脂肪性肝病FibroTouch检测临床观察. 中国实用医药. 2017(24): 33-34 . 百度学术其他类型引用(12)
-
百度学术
