第三代头孢菌素治疗社区获得性自发性细菌性腹膜炎效果预测模型的临床价值

朱龙川; 吴蔚; 甘达凯; 张伟; 徐意珍; 熊墨龙

doi:10.12449/JCH240214

第三代头孢菌素治疗社区获得性自发性细菌性腹膜炎效果预测模型的临床价值

DOI: 10.12449/JCH240214

朱龙川^1, , ,,
吴蔚²,
甘达凯¹,
张伟¹,
徐意珍¹,
熊墨龙¹

1.
南昌市第九医院肝病科，南昌 330002
2.
江西省儿童医院消化科，南昌 330006

基金项目:

江西省重点研发计划项目 (20181BBG78010)

伦理学声明：本研究方案于2017年8月14日经由南昌市第九医院伦理委员会审批，批号：［2017］伦简审字（03）号。所纳入患者均签署知情同意书。

利益冲突声明：本文不存在任何利益冲突。

作者贡献声明：朱龙川负责课题设计，资料分析，论文撰写和定稿；吴蔚负责资料分析与论文撰写；甘达凯、张伟、徐意珍参与收集数据，修改论文；熊墨龙参与修改论文。

详细信息

通信作者:
朱龙川， zlcy1984@sina.com （ORCID： 0000-0002-4461-6195）

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-28
- 录用日期: 2023-10-16
- 出版日期: 2024-02-19

Clinical application value of a predictive model for the efficacy of third-generation cephalosporin in treatment of community-acquired spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

1.
Department of Hepatology，The Ninth Hospital of Nanchang，Nanchang 330002，China
2.
Department of Gastroenterology，Jiangxi Provincial Children’s Hospital，Nanchang 330006，China

Research funding:

Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province (20181BBG78010)

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHU Longchuan， zlcy1984@sina.com （ORCID： 0000-0002-4461-6195）

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨第三代头孢菌素（3^rd GC）治疗社区获得性自发性细菌性腹膜炎（CASBP）效果预测模型的临床应用价值。方法前瞻性选取2021年1月—2022年6月南昌市第九医院新入院的肝硬化伴CASBP患者50例，随机分为优化治疗组（n=25）与传统治疗组（n=25），前者基于效果预测模型采用头孢他啶或亚胺培南初治，后者均采用头孢他啶初治，此后依据初治效果调整抗生素，比较两组的初治有效率、第5天治愈率及30天病死率。计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验。计数资料两组间比较采用χ²检验或Fisher精确概率法。结果所有患者均完成研究。优化治疗组初治有效率明显高于传统治疗组（88.0% vs 60.0%，χ²=5.094，P=0.024），两组第5天治愈率相当（80.0% vs 56.6%，χ²=3.309，P=0.069）。均使用头孢他定初治的患者中，优化治疗组初治有效率亦明显高于传统治疗组（88.9% vs 60.0%，χ²=4.341，P=0.037），两组第5天治愈率相当（83.3% vs 56.0%，χ²=2.425，P=0.119）。两组患者的30天病死率分别为8.0%和20.0%，差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.664，P=0.415）。所有入组患者初治有效与第5天治愈关联明显（OR=9.643，95%CI：2.292～40.564），第5天治愈与患者30天死亡关联明显（OR=0.138，95%CI：0.023～0.813）。结论该疗效预测模型有助于临床医生筛选3^rd GC治疗的优势患者，提高3^rd GC经验性治疗CASBP的初治疗效。
- 肝硬化 /
- 腹膜炎 /
- 社区获得性感染 /
- 头孢菌素类 /
- 治疗结果
Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical application value of a predictive model for the efficacy of third-generation cephalosporin in the treatment of community-acquired spontaneous bacterial peritonitis （CASBP）. Methods This prospective study was conducted among 50 patients with liver cirrhosis and CASBP who were admitted to The Ninth Hospital of Nanchang from January 2021 to June 2022， and the patients were randomly divided into optimized treatment group and traditional treatment group， with 25 patients in each group. The patients in the optimized treatment group received ceftazidime or imipenem for initial treatment based on the above predictive model， and those in the traditional treatment group received ceftazidime for initial treatment， with the subsequent use of antibiotics adjusted based on the efficacy of initial treatment. The two groups were compared in terms of the response rate of initial treatment， cure rate on day 5， and 30-day mortality rate. The independent-samples t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Results All patients completed the study. The optimized treatment group had a significantly higher response rate of initial treatment than the traditional treatment group （88.0% vs 60.0%， χ²=5.094， P=0.024）， while there was no significant difference in the cure rate on day 5 between the two groups （80.0% vs 56.6%， χ²=3.309， P=0.069）. As for the patients who received ceftazidime for initial treatment， the optimized treatment group had a significantly higher response rate of initial treatment than the traditional treatment group （88.9% vs 60.0%， χ²=4.341， P=0.037）， while there was no significant difference in the cure rate on day 5 between the two groups （83.3% vs 56.0%， χ²=2.425， P=0.119）. There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality rate between the two groups （8.0% vs 20.0%， χ²=0.664， P=0.415）. For all patients， there was a significant association between response of initial treatment and cure on day 5 （odds ratio ［OR］=9.643， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 2.292‍ — ‍40.564） and between cure on day 5 and 30-day mortality （OR=0.138， 95%CI： 0.023‍ — ‍0.813）. Conclusion This predictive model for efficacy helps clinicians to identify the patients who can benefit from third-generation cephalosporin treatment and improve the efficacy of third-generation cephalosporin in the initial empirical treatment of CASBP.
- Liver Cirrhosis /
- Peritonitis /
- Community-Acquired Infections /
- Cephalosporins /
- Treatment Outcome

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图 1 两组的干预措施

Figure 1. Interventions of the two groups

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图 2 两组抗生素使用及治疗效果

Figure 2. Use and efficacy of antibiotics in the two groups

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 两组患者基线情况比较

Table 1. Comparison of baseline between two groups of patients

指标	传统治疗组（n=25）	优化治疗组（n=25）	统计值	P值
男性［例（%）］	17（68.0）	22（88.0）	χ²=2.914	0.088
年龄（岁）	50.2±9.8	55.3±11.9	t=-1.625	0.111
肝硬化病因［例（%）］				0.220
HBV	17（68.0）	15（60.0）
酒精	4（16.0）	4（16.0）
HCV	1（4.0）	0（0.0）
HBV+酒精	3（12.0）	1（4.0）
HBV+HCV	0（0.0）	1（4.0）
隐源性	0（0.0）	4（16.0）
2型糖尿病［例（%）］	4（16.0）	1（4.0）	χ²=0.889	0.346
脾切除术［例（%）］	1（4.0）	4（16.0）	χ²=0.889	0.346
广谱抗生素暴露［例（%）］	9（36.0）	8（32.0）	χ²=0.089	0.765
SBP首次发病［例（%）］	18（72.0）	20（80.0）	χ²=0.439	0.508
腹痛［例（%）］	7（28.0）	9（36.0）	χ²=0.368	0.544
腹部压痛［例（%）］	16（64.0）	14（56.0）	χ²=0.333	0.564
腹部反跳痛［例（%）］	15（60.0）	14（56.0）	χ²=0.082	0.774
腹水量［例（%）］			χ²=0.082	0.470
少量	0（0.0）	2（8.0）
中大量	25（100.0）	23（92.0）
体温（℃）	36.6（36.4～37.9）	36.6（36.4～38.0）	Z=-0.234	0.815
白细胞（×10⁹/L）	4.7（3.7～7.6）	4.9（3.2～9.3）	Z=-0.116	0.907
血小板（×10¹²/L）	72.0（41.5～94.5）	80.0（47.0～108.5）	Z=-0.951	0.342
凝血酶原时间（s）	15.5（13.4～20.3）	15.3（14.4～18.3）	Z=-0.301	0.763
国际标准化比值	1.4（1.2～1.8）	1.3（1.2～1.5）	Z=-1.068	0.286
谷丙转氨酶（U/L）	24.5（17.3～57.9）	26.0（14.7～35.3）	Z=-0.990	0.322
谷草转氨酶（U/L）	34.8（28.8～89.0）	38.6（24.7～85.2）	Z=-0.252	0.801
总胆红素（μmol/L）	37.8（17.7～69.3）	31.8（20.7～58.4）	Z=-0.602	0.547
白蛋白（g/L）	29.5（23.7～33.7）	31.4（24.8～34.1）	Z=-0.466	0.641
血肌酐（μmol/L）	71.2（66.1～106.2）	70.1（62.9～96.4）	Z=-0.961	0.337
尿素氮（mmol/L）	5.2（4.5～7.1）	4.7（4.1～6.5）	Z=-1.029	0.304
腹水白细胞（×10⁹/L）	0.857（0.596～1.637）	1.034（0.713～2.345）	Z=-1.145	0.252
腹水PMN（×10⁹/L）	0.616（0.361～1.216）	0.700（0.518～1.417）	Z=-1.009	0.313
MELD评分	9.3（6.7～18.6）	9.3（6.3～13.4）	Z=-0.660	0.509
Child-Pugh评分	10（8～11）	9（8～11）	Z=-1.243	0.214

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