In March 2024, the World Health Organization released the latest version of guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, care and treatment for people with chronic hepatitis B infection. The guidelines were updated in several aspects, including expanding and simplifying the indications for chronic hepatitis B treatment, adding alternative antiviral treatment regimens, broadening the indications for antiviral therapy to prevent mother-to-child transmission, improving the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus, and adding hepatitis D virus (HDV) testing. This article summarizes and gives an excerpt of the recommendations in the guidelines.