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CN 22-1108/R
Volume 40 Issue 5
May  2024
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Clinical Hepatology  > 2024  >  40(5): 946-951

Therapeutic effect of low-carbohydrate diet and lifestyle intervention on patients with lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

DOI: 10.12449/JCH240513
  • 1a.

    Department of Infectious Diseases,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital shenzhen guangdong 518000

  • 1b.

    Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Peking University Shenzhen Hospital shenzhen guangdong 518000

  • 2.

    Department of Infectious Diseases，Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital，Shenzhen，Guangdong 518000，China

  • 3.

    Graduate School，Guangzhou Medical University，Guangdong 511436，China

Research funding:

National Natural Science Foundation of China (81473473)

More Information
  • Corresponding author: HU Guoxin， huoguoxin8228@sina.com （ORCID： 0009-0003-6618-7672）
  • Received Date: 2023-07-30
  • Accepted Date: 2023-10-16
  • Published Date: 2024-05-25
    Abstract
  •   Objective  To investigate the therapeutic effect of low-carbohydrate diet and online lifestyle intervention on patients with lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）.  Methods  This study was conducted among 53 patients with lean NAFLD who attended Department of Infectious Diseases in Peking University Shenzhen Hospital and Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital from December 2019 to March 2021， and the patients were given low-carbohydrate diet for calorie restriction ［total calorie intake was calculated based on basal metabolic rate （BMR） and physical activity level （PAL） and was restricted within （BMR×95%×PAL-1 000） kcal to （BMR×95%×PAL-500） kcal， and carbohydrate ratio fluctuated between 10% and 55%］ and lifestyle interventions for 8 weeks. An online software was used for supervision and follow-up， and the patients were observed in terms of treatment outcome and safety. The patients were compared in terms of controlled attenuation parameter （CAP）， liver stiffness measurement （LSM）， Anthropometric parameters， blood biochemistry， urinary protein， and urine ketone body before and after intervention. The patients were followed up after 1 year to measure body weight and body mass index （BMI）. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the paired-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous； the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.  Results  After 8 weeks of intervention， CAP decreased from 304.47±31.91 db/m to 242.43±26.74 db/m， LSM decreased from 7.43±2.41 kPa to 6.36±1.79 kPa， and body weight decreased from 64.29±7.37 kg to 60.24±7.08 kg （t=11.25，3.72， and 14.07， all P<0.001）. Of all patients， 25 （47.2%） had disappearance of fatty liver， and abnormal LSM in 12 patients （63.2%） returned to normal； 52 patients （98.1%） had a mean reduction of 4.05±2.32 kg in body weight. The degree of reduction in CAP increased with the degree of reduction in body weight. After intervention， there were significant reductions in BMI， waist circumference， hip circumference， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase （GGT）， uric acid， fasting blood glucose， triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， and low-density lipoprotein （LDL） and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein （t=12.85， 13.77， 10.28， 7.64， 6.21， 8.35， 6.83， 6.31， 7.4， 4.97， 5.95， and -2.21， all P<0.05）. The patients with abnormal ALT， AST， GGT， uric acid， fasting blood glucose， TG， TC， and LDL at baseline which returned to normal after intervention accounted for 75%， 100%， 81.8%， 57.1%， 100%， 66.7%， 73.5%， and 85.3%， respectively. There were no significant changes in blood urea nitrogen， serum creatinine， urine protein， and urine ketone body （all P>0.05）. There was no rebound in body weight and BMI after 1 year of follow-up （P>0.05）. There were no gastrointestinal reactions during intervention or follow-up.  Conclusion  Low-carbohydrate diet and lifestyle intervention can improve liver fat content， liver function， and blood lipid parameters in patients with lean NAFLD， with good safety.

     

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