Risk factors analysis and construction of a nomogram model for rebleeding within one year after treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis

Panpan Ji; Miaomiao Li; Jinyue Chen; Tingting Wen; Wanhong Chen; Jing Wang; Juan Li

doi:10.12449/JCH260917

Volume 42 Issue 9

Sep. 2026

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Article Navigation > Journal of Clinical Hepatology > 2026 > 42(9): 2126-2134

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Risk factors analysis and construction of a nomogram model for rebleeding within one year after treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis

DOI: 10.12449/JCH260917

1.
The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine，Lanzhou 730020，China
2.
Department of Gastroenterology，Gansu Provincial Hospital，Lanzhou 730099，China

Research funding:

Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project (23JRRA1288);

Gansu Provincial Pharmaceutical Research Project (2025GSMPA063)

More Information

Corresponding author: Li Juan， 81lijuan@163.com （ORCID： 0000-0002-4718-8413）
Received Date: 2026-03-18
Accepted Date: 2026-04-07
Published Date: 2026-09-25

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To investigate the value of albumin-bilirubin （ALBI） score combined with platelet count-to-spleen thickness ratio （PC/ST） in predicting rebleeding within one year after endoscopic variceal ligation in liver cirrhosis patients with esophagogastric variceal bleeding （EVB）， to evaluate the risk assessment ability of this model， and to provide a reference for clinical prevention of rebleeding. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of liver cirrhosis patients with EVB who were hospitalized in Gansu Provincial Hospital from January 1， 2020 to December 31， 2024. All patients achieved successful hemostasis after endoscopic variceal ligation， and according to whether rebleeding occurred within one year after surgery， they were divided into rebleeding group and non-rebleeding group. The independent-samples t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify independent influencing factors for rebleeding. A prediction model was constructed based on the factors identified， and a nomogram was plotted for model visualization. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to assess the discriminatory ability of the model， and the area under the ROC curve （AUC） was calculated； calibration curve was used to assess calibration； decision curve analysis was used to assess the net clinical benefit of the model. Results A total of 258 patients were enrolled， among whom 70 patients experienced rebleeding within one year， resulting in a rebleeding rate of 27.1%. The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that ALBI score （hazard ratio ［HR］=4.679， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 2.952 — 7.417， P<0.001） and PC/ST （HR=0.461， 95%CI： 0.318 — 0.668， P<0.001） were independent influencing factors for rebleeding in liver cirrhosis patients with EVB. The model constructed based on these two factors yielded an AUC of 0.766 （95%CI： 0.667 — 0.866）， 0.775 （95%CI： 0.699 — 0.851）， and 0.809 （95%CI： 0.752 — 0.866）， respectively， for predicting the risk of rebleeding at 6 weeks， 6 months， and 1 year. The calibration curve showed that the model systematically underestimated the probability of rebleeding at 6 weeks and 6 months， but its prediction for the probability of rebleeding at 1 year aligned well with the ideal curve. The decision curve analysis showed that the model provided a clear net clinical benefit for predicting rebleeding within 1 year. Conclusion The model constructed based on ALBI score and PC/ST had good performance in predicting the risk of rebleeding within 1 year after endoscopic variceal ligation in liver cirrhosis patients with EVB.
- Liver Cirrhosis,
- Esophageal and Gastric Varices,
- Albumin-Bilirubin Score,
- Platelet Count/Spleen Thickness Ratio,
- Rebleeding,
- Nomograms

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References(40)

References

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Risk factors analysis and construction of a nomogram model for rebleeding within one year after treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis

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Risk factors analysis and construction of a nomogram model for rebleeding within one year after treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis

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