Objective To retrospectively analyze the therapeutic effect of antiviral therapy in the chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to investigate whether hepatocyte steatosis affects the response to antiviral therapy in CHB patients.Methods A total of 110 CHB patients and 99 CHB patients with NAFLD were enrolled in the study.Serum HBV DNA levels were measured by fluorescence quantitative PCR;serum HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, and HBcAb were quantified by chemiluminescence;biochemical indices were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer to evaluate the liver function.Results (1) When receiving antiviral therapy with interferon, the CHB patients had a significantly higher rate of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) /aspartate aminotransferase (AST) normalization after 24 weeks of treatment (χ2=4.069, P=0.044) and a significantly higher rate of HBV DNA clearance after 48 weeks of treatment (χ2=17.327, P=0.000) , as compared with the CHB patients with NAFLD;in all HBeAg-positive patients, those with only CHB had a significantly higher rate of ALT/AST normalization after 24 weeks of treatment (P<0.05) and significantly higher rates of HBV DNA clearance and HBeAg clearance after 24 and 48 weeks of treatment (P<0.05) 48="" as="" compared="" with="" those="" chb="" and="" but="" there="" was="" no="" significant="" difference="" in="" the="" rate="" of="" ast="" normalization="" between="" them="" after="" weeks="" treatment="" p="">0.05) . (2) When receiving antiviral therapy with nucleos (t) ide analogues, the CHB patients had a significantly higher rate of ALT/AST normalization than the CHB patients with NAFLD after 48 weeks of treatment (χ2=7.620, P=0.006) , but there was no significant difference in the rate of HBV DNA clearance between them after 24 and 48 weeks of treatment (P>0.05) ;in all HBeAg-positive patients, those with CHB and NAFLD had a significantly higher rate of HBeAg clearance after 24 weeks of treatment (P<0.05) and a significantly lower rate of ALT/AST normalization after 48 weeks of treatment (P<0.05) 24="" 48="" as="" compared="" with="" those="" only="" but="" there="" were="" no="" significant="" differences="" in="" the="" rate="" of="" ast="" normalization="" after="" weeks="" rates="" hbv="" dna="" clearance="" and="" hbeag="" treatment="" between="" them="" p="">0.05) .Conclusion To some extent, hepatocyte steatosis affects the response to antiviral therapy in CHB patients.
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