Portal hypertension, endotoxemia, hepatic encephalopathy, and ascites are common complications of liver cirrhosis, and there are few effective treatment methods for them in modern medicine.Common concepts, methods, and application of external therapy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) , such as acupoint application, TCM enema, acupoint injection, and irradiation of the liver region using liver disease therapy instrument, are introduced.The literature on the efficacy and mechanism of acupoint application, TCM enema, acupoint injection, and irradiation of the liver region using liver disease therapy instrument is reviewed from the aspects of portal hypertension, endotoxemia, hepatic encephalopathy, and ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis and even response to antiviral therapy for hepatitis B cirrhosis.It is concluded that external therapy of TCM is effective, easy to operate, safe, and inexpensive in the treatment of the complications of liver cirrhosis, with easy acceptance by patients.Meanwhile, further research is recommended to investigate more topics in external therapy of TCM, such as the use of transdermal enhancer to improve drug absorption, the design of control group, etc.
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