The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease( NAFLD) remains unclear. Many studies have shown that Toll- like receptors are involved in the development and progression of NAFLD,especially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. This article reviews the role of Toll- like receptors in the pathogenesis of NAFLD from three aspects: interactions between Toll- like receptors and inflammatory factors,interactions between Toll- like receptors and free fatty acids,and Toll- like receptor gene polymorphism.