Primary biliary cirrhosis( PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease which progresses slowly,and its pathogenesis remains unclear. A total of 29 papers reporting the risk factors for PBC from different perspectives were obtained through Google Scholar search and screening,consisting of 19 reviews and 10 reports of investigational studies. By summarizing the objects and methods in 10 investigational studies and the conclusions of all the 29 papers,the induction mechanism of risk factors for PBC is clarified,and the control strategy for PBC is put forward. Since the literature included was studies on foreign populations conducted by foreign scholars,the applicability of these findings in China should be further investigated.