Hepatic myelopathy is a rare neurological complication which is caused by various acute or chronic liver diseases. It is clinically characterized by progressive spastic paraplegia of both lower extremities. The pathogenesis of this disease is unclear,and there is a lack of effective treatments as well as poor prognosis for this disease. By reviewing the relevant literature,the pathogenesis,pathological studies,clinical diagnosis criteria,and treatment of the disease are summarized. It is necessary to strengthen the study of pathogenesis of the disease as well as the clinical study of large sample size and long- term follow- up,thus providing reliable evidence for evidence- based medicine.