Risk factors for gallstones complicated by acute biliary pancreatitis

Objective To investigate the risk factors for gallstones complicated by acute biliary pancreatitis ( ABP) . Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of patients who were admitted to Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, from January 2014 to September 2017 due to abdominal pain and then diagnosed with gallstones. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups, and the binary logistic regression analysis was used as multivariate analysis. Results A total of 700 patients with gallstones were enrolled, among whom 167 were complicated by ABP, resulting in an incidence rate of 23. 86%. The univariate analysis showed that sex, gallbladder size, gallbladder wall thickness, gallstone size, the number of gallstones, and presence or absence of common bile duct stones were associated with the development of ABP ( all P < 0. 05) . A multivariate analysis was performed for the factors with statistical difference identified by the univariate analysis, and the results showed that male sex ( odds ratio [OR]= 1. 879, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1. 279-2. 758, P < 0. 05) , abnormal gallbladder size ( OR = 0. 282, 95% CI: 0. 184-0. 434, P < 0. 05) , gallbladder wall thickness ≤3 mm ( OR = 2. 245, 95% CI: 1. 490-3. 383, P < 0. 05) , gallbladder stone diameter > 1 cm ( OR = 0. 438, 95% CI: 0. 249-0. 769, P < 0. 05) , single gallstone ( OR = 0. 222, 95% CI: 0. 130-0. 378, P < 0. 05) , and presence of common bile duct stones ( OR = 2. 775, 95% CI: 1. 694-4. 546, P < 0. 05) were significantly associated with the development of ABP. Conclusion Male sex, normal gallbladder size, gallbladder wall thickness ≤3 mm, gallbladder stone diameter ≤1 cm, multiple gallstones, and presence of common bile duct stones are independent risk factors for ABP in patients with gallstones.