| [1] |
RAHIMI RS, BROWN KA, FLAMM SL, et al. Overt hepatic encephalopathy: Current pharmacologic treatments and improving clinical outcomes[J]. Am J Med, 2021, 134( 11): 1330- 1338. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.06.007. |
| [2] |
Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy. Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy[J]. Chin J Exp Clin Infect Dis Electron Version, 2009, 3( 4): 449- 473.
肝性脑病诊断治疗专家委员会. 肝性脑病诊断治疗专家共识[J/CD]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2009, 3( 4): 449- 473.
|
| [3] |
FIATI KENSTON SS, SONG X, LI Z, et al. Mechanistic insight, diagnosis, and treatment of ammonia-induced hepatic encephalopathy[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2019, 34( 1): 31- 39. DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14408. |
| [4] |
OCHOA-SANCHEZ R, TAMNANLOO F, ROSE CF. Hepatic encephalopathy: From metabolic to neurodegenerative[J]. Neurochem Res, 2021, 46( 10): 2612- 2625. DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03372-4. |
| [5] |
WON SM, OH KK, GUPTA H, et al. The link between gut microbiota and hepatic encephalopathy[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2022, 23( 16): 8999. DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168999. |
| [6] |
STEPANOVA M, MISHRA A, VENKATESAN C, et al. In-hospital mortality and economic burden associated with hepatic encephalopathy in the United States from 2005 to 2009[J]. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2012, 10( 9): 1034- 1041.e1. DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2012.05.016. |
| [7] |
LIU JC, XU YT, JIANG BM. Novel insights into pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of hepatic encephalopathy, from the gut microbiota perspective[J]. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2021, 11: 586427. DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.586427. |
| [8] |
JAFFE A, LIM JK, JAKAB SS. Pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy[J]. Clin Liver Dis, 2020, 24( 2): 175- 188. DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.002. |
| [9] |
AHMED Z, HASSAN M, ARIF SF, et al. Comparative efficacy of treatment options for the prevention of post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis[J]. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis, 2023, 32( 1): 70- 76. DOI: 10.15403/jgld-4508. |
| [10] |
SCHINDLER P, HEINZOW H, TREBICKA J, et al. Shunt-induced hepatic encephalopathy in TIPS: Current approaches and clinical challenges[J]. J Clin Med, 2020, 9( 11): 3784. DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113784. |
| [11] |
DHANDA S, SANDHIR R. Blood-brain barrier permeability is exacerbated in experimental model of hepatic encephalopathy via MMP-9 activation and downregulation of tight junction proteins[J]. Mol Neurobiol, 2018, 55( 5): 3642- 3659. DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0521-7. |
| [12] |
LI X, PARTOVI S, CORONADO WM, et al. Hepatic encephalopathy after TIPS placement: Predictive factors, prevention strategies, and management[J]. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 2022, 45( 5): 570- 577. DOI: 10.1007/s00270-021-03045-3. |
| [13] |
FIATI KENSTON SS, SONG X, LI Z, et al. Mechanistic insight, diagnosis, and treatment of ammonia-induced hepatic encephalopathy[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2019, 34( 1): 31- 39. DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14408. |
| [14] |
KROUPINA K, BÉMEUR C, ROSE CF. Amino acids, ammonia, and hepatic encephalopathy[J]. Anal Biochem, 2022, 649: 114696. DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114696. |
| [15] |
THOMSEN KL, MACNAUGHTAN J, TRITTO G, et al. Clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of cirrhotic patients with grade 1 and minimal hepatic encephalopathy[J]. PLoS One, 2016, 11( 1): e0146076. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146076. |
| [16] |
BERSAGLIERE A, RADUAZZO ID, SCHIFF S, et al. Ammonia-related changes in cerebral electrogenesis in healthy subjects and patients with cirrhosis[J]. Clin Neurophysiol, 2013, 124( 3): 492- 496. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2012.08.014. |
| [17] |
PISAREK W. Minimal hepatic encephalopathy-diagnosis and treatment[J]. Prz Gastroenterol, 2021, 16( 4): 311- 317. DOI: 10.5114/pg.2021.111389. |
| [18] |
FERENCI P. Hepatic encephalopathy[J]. Gastroenterol Rep, 2017, 5( 2): 138- 147. DOI: 10.1093/gastro/gox013. |
| [19] |
GAIRING SJ, MANGINI C, ZARANTONELLO L, et al. Prevalence of minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis: A multicenter study[J]. Am J Gastroenterol, 2023. DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002251.[Oline ahead of print] |
| [20] |
CHANG YH, ZHOU XL, JING D, et al. Portal hypertension exacerbates intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt and further induces refractory hepatic encephalopathy: A case report[J]. World J Clin Cases, 2021, 9( 2): 496- 501. DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i2.496. |
| [21] |
LU JJ, LI Y, ZHANG C, et al. Metabolic changes of the reduction of manganese intake in the hepatic encephalopathy rat: NMR-and MS-based metabolomics study[J]. Biometals, 2022, 35( 5): 935- 953. DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00415-3. |
| [22] |
HANGEL G, NIESS E, LAZEN P, et al. Emerging methods and applications of ultra-high field MR spectroscopic imaging in the human brain[J]. Anal Biochem, 2022, 638: 114479. DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114479. |
| [23] |
SU YY, YANG GF, LU GM, et al. PET and MR imaging of neuroinflammation in hepatic encephalopathy[J]. Metab Brain Dis, 2015, 30( 1): 31- 45. DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9633-1. |
| [24] |
KARANFILIAN BV, CHEUNG M, DELLATORE P, et al. Laboratory abnormalities of hepatic encephalopathy[J]. Clin Liver Dis, 2020, 24( 2): 197- 208. DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.011. |
DownLoad: