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ISSN 1001-5256 (Print)
ISSN 2097-3497 (Online)
CN 22-1108/R
Issue 3
Mar.  2014
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Article Contents

Studies on liver cancer: evolution and perspectives

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2014.03.001
  • Published Date: 2014-03-20
  • Great changes have taken place in the studies on liver cancer over the past 50 years. The main evolution and perspectives are reviewed as follows: ( 1) Infections with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus, environmental factors, lifestyle, and metabolic, endocrine, and hereditary factors have become the high- risk factors for liver cancer, so the preventive measures should be adjusted. ( 2) The research data from the USA, Italy, and the author's institute showed that early diagnosis and early treatment are the main contributors to improved prognosis of liver cancer, and they remain the important means for improving treatment outcome. ( 3) Conservative therapy is being transformed, and molecular targeted therapy is a direction in the future; “tumor- killing + tumor- killing”combination therapy still holds promise for application, while“tumor- killing + rehabilitation”modality is worth more attention. ( 4) The concept of cancer metastasis has been updated: metastasis is a systemic problem; metastasis is not a phenomenon in the advanced stage; the microenvironment of immune inflammation is an important factor for cancer metastasis; cancer metastasis is mainly related to tumor stem cells; the metastatic potential of cancer can be increased or decreased. Therefore, we should pay attention to the systemic intervention involving the nervous, immune, endocrine, and metabolic systems, tumor stem cells' “return to the right way”, the application of anti- inflammatory agent, and traditional Chinese medicine. ( 5) Intervention of the adverse effects of tumor- killing therapy is an easy way to improve treatment outcome. “Evolution”is absolute, while“constancy”is relative. We should be far- sighted to promote the treatment of liver cancer.

     

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