It has been found in recent years that adipose tissue is not only the organ for storing energy,but can also secrete many adipokines including leptin,adiponectin,and resistin. Leptin and adiponectin play important roles in the formation and treatment of non- alcoholic fatty liver disease( NAFLD) due to their important biological functions,which bring a new direction for the clinical treatment of this disease.This article briefly describes the biological functions of leptin and adiponectin and their relationship with NAFLD. It is pointed out that leptin and adiponectin play essential roles in the treatment of NAFLD and may become novel therapeutic targets.