Abnormal liver function is biochemical and pathological changes in the liver caused by damages from pathogens,which can be found in viral hepatitis,fatty liver,alcoholic liver diseases,autoimmune liver diseases,and some non-liver diseases. Due to the diversity in etiology,it is difficult to make a diagnosis for a few cases. This paper summarizes the changes in biochemical indices of the liver due to various liver diseases,and the value of a combination of different indices in the diagnosis of hepatobiliary diseases. This paper concludes that biochemical examination of the liver not only provides hints for the etiological diagnosis of abnormal liver function,but also evaluates the severity of the disease. Moreover,the etiological diagnosis of abnormal liver function also depends on the collection of a detailed history of disease,physical examination,serology,imaging,and liver biopsy.