Objective To investigate the impact of different HBV DNA detection methods on evaluating the clinical effect of PEG-IFNα-2b in the treatment of HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) .Methods A total of 83 CHB patients who were admitted to Tianjin Second People's Hospital from September 2014 to January 2016 and treated with PEG-IFNa-2b for less than 24 weeks with clearance for the first time detected by HBV DNA low-sensitivity method (the lower limit of detection was 500 IU/ml) and negative results within 36 weeks obtained by low-sensitivity detection.Among these patients, 33 patients with negative results within 36 weeks obtained by high-sensitivity detection (the lower limit of detection was 20 IU/ml) were enrolled in negative group, and 50 with positive results were enrolled in positive group.The reductions in HBeAg and HBsAg and HBeAg seroconversion rate at 12, 24, and 36 weeks were compared between the two groups.The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, the Mann-Whitney U rank sum test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.Results At 12, 24, and 36 weeks after negative results were obtained by HBV DNA low-sensitivity detection, the negative group had a significant reduction in HBeAg than the positive group[12 weeks:0.32 (0.16-0.92) log10 COI vs 0.14 (0.01-0.30) log10 COI, Z=-3.061, P =0.002;24 weeks:0.44 (0.19-1.15) log10 COI vs 0.16 (0.04-0.35) log10 COI, Z=-3.043, P =0.002;36 weeka:0.51 (0.36-1.21) log10 COI vs 0.24 (0.10-0.46) log10 COI, Z=-3.880, P< 0.001].At 12 weeka after negative reaulta were obtained by HBV DNA low-aenaitivity detection, there waa no aignificant difference in the reduction in HBaAg (P-0.067) , while at 24 and 36 weeka, the negative group had a aignificant reduction in HBaAg than the poaitive group[24 weeka:0.13 (-0.02-0.33) log10 IU/ml vs 0.08 (-0.02-0.16) log10 IU/ml, Z =-2.207, P =0.021;36 weeka:0.16 (0.03-0.47) log10 IU/ml va 0.03 (-0.08-0.20) log10 IU/ml, Z =-2.363, P =0.018].At 12 weeka after negative reaulta were obtained by HBV DNA low-aenaitivity detection, there waa no aignificant difference in the HBeAg aeroconveraion rate between the negative group and the poaitive group (30.30%va 16.00%, P = 0.174) , while at 24 and 36 weeka, there were aignificant differencea between the two groupa (36.36%val6.00%and39.39%val8.00%, x2=4.507 and 4.671, P =0.040 and 0.042) .Conclusion In the treatment of HBeAg-poaitive CHB uaing PEG-IFN, high-aenaitivity detection methoda ahould be uaed to accurately evaluate the effect of antiviral therapy.
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