Objective To investigate the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome characteristics of portal vein thrombosis(PVT) in patients with liver cirrhosis and related risk factors. Methods A total of 62 patients with liver cirrhosis and PVT who were hospitalized in Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2015 to March 2019 were enrolled as PVT group,and 66 liver cirrhosis patients without PVT were enrolled as non-PVT group. Related clinical data were compared between the two groups. The independent samples t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups,the chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups,and the unconditional multivariate logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results The univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the PVT group and the non-PVT group in the etiology of liver cirrhosis(χ2= 12. 902,P = 0. 036),alanine aminotransferase(Z =-2. 571,P =0. 010),aspartate aminotransferase(Z =-2. 801,P = 0. 005),cholinesterase(t =-2. 579,P = 0. 011),fibrinogen degradation product(Z=-4. 410,P < 0. 001),D-dimer(Z =-4. 888,P < 0. 001),percentage of neutrophils(Z =-3. 124,P = 0. 002),internal diameter of the main portal vein(t = 2. 572,P = 0. 012),blood flow velocity of the portal vein(t =-2. 441,P = 0. 016),diameter of the splenic vein(t = 3. 175,P = 0. 002),spleen thickness(t = 4. 575,P < 0. 001),spleen length(Z =-4. 028,P < 0. 001),and volume of peritoneal effusion(t = 2. 273,P = 0. 025). The logistic regression analysis showed that D-dimer(odds ratio [OR]= 2. 078,95% confidence interval [CI]: 1. 293-3. 339,P = 0. 003) and spleen length(OR = 1. 964,95% CI: 1. 228-3. 142,P = 0. 005) were independent risk factors for PVT in patients with liver cirrhosis. Fatigue(100%),splenomegaly(74. 19%),abdominal distension(46. 77%),severe esophagogastric varices(48. 29%),history of variceal bleeding(40. 32%),light-reddish tongue(43. 55%),and stringy/thready pulse(96. 77%) were the main characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis and PVT,which were consistent with the manifestations of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. Conclusion An increase in D-dimer level and a long spleen length are independent risk factors for PVT in patients with liver cirrhosis,and the syndrome characteristics of such patients are consistent with the manifestations of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.
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