Association between fasting blood glucose and the risk of cholelithiasis

Objective To investigate the association between fasting blood glucose and the risk of cholelithiasis. Methods A total of87513 individuals who underwent fasting blood glucose test and liver/biliary ultrasound in health examination in Kailuan from 2006 to 2007 were enrolled as subjects,and according to the results of blood glucose test,the subjects were divided into normal blood glucose group with73456 subjects,impaired fasting blood glucose group with 7165 subjects,and diabetic group with 6892 subjects. The log-rank test was used to compare the cumulative incidence rate of cholelithiasis between groups; the Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the influence of different levels of fasting blood glucose on new-onset cholelithiasis and calculate hazard ratio( HR) and 95% confidence interval( CI); a stratified analysis was used to compare the risk of cholelithiasis between the individuals with different levels of fasting blood glucose in the groups with different sexes,blood lipid levels,and levels of body mass index( BMI). A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups,and the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of continuous data with skewed distribution between multiple groups. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Results There was a significant difference in the cumulative incidence rate of cholelithiasis between the normal blood glucose group,the impaired fasting blood glucose group,and the diabetic group( 10. 91% vs 12. 17% vs 18. 86%,χ2= 27. 94,P < 0. 05). After the continuous adjustment for the other factors in the Cox proportional hazards model analysis,compared with the normal blood glucose group,the impaired fasting blood glucose group had a risk of new-onset cholelithiasis of 0. 97( 95% CI: 0. 85-1. 11,P = 0. 587),and the diabetic group had a risk of new-onset cholelithiasis of 1. 15( 95% CI: 1. 01-1. 30,P = 0. 019). The stratified analysis showed that diabetes was a risk factor for new-onset cholelithiasis in male individuals( HR = 1. 16,95% CI: 1. 01-1. 33,P = 0. 043),individuals with normal blood lipids( HR = 1. 22,95% CI: 1. 01-1. 49,P = 0. 044),and individuals with overweight based on BMI( HR = 1. 16,95% CI:1. 01-1. 35,P = 0. 048). Conclusion Diabetes can increase the risk of cholelithiasis. Diabetes is an independent risk factor for cholelithiasis in men,individuals with normal blood lipids,and individuals with overweight based on BMI.