Objective To investigate the clinical features of biliary acute pancreatitis( BAP) and hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis( HTGAP). Methods A total of 378 patients with acute pancreatitis who were admitted to The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from September 2018 to August 2019 were enrolled,among whom 229 patients had BAP( BAP group) and 149 had HTGAP( HTGAP group). Clinical features were analyzed for both groups,including age,sex,underlying diseases,laboratory markers,disease severity,local and systemic complications,and outcome measures. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups,and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups. The chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups,and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of ordinal categorical data between groups. A logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the independent risk factors for acute liver injury,systemic inflammatory response syndrome,and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Results Compared with the BAP group,the HTGAP group had a significantly younger age( t = 7. 192,P < 0. 05),a significantly lower referral rate( χ2= 7. 680,P < 0. 05),and significantly higher constituent ratio of male patients( χ2= 16. 987,P < 0. 05),body mass index( BMI)( t =-4. 171,P < 0. 05),BISAP score( Z =-2. 701,P < 0. 05),rate of high-fat diet( χ2= 6. 702,P < 0. 05),recurrence rate( χ2=6. 702,P < 0. 05),and proportion of patients with diabetes( χ2= 8. 567,P < 0. 05),smoking( χ2= 9. 291,P < 0. 05) or drinking( χ2=11. 934,P < 0. 05). Compared with the HTGAP group,the BAP group had significantly higher amylase( Z =-3. 298,P < 0. 05),alanine aminotransferase( Z =-5. 290,P < 0. 05),aspartate aminotransferase( Z =-6. 247,P < 0. 05),total bilirubin( Z =-3. 626,P <0. 05),direct bilirubin( Z =-8. 803,P < 0. 05),and D-dimer( Z =-3. 511,P < 0. 05) and significantly lower white blood cell count( Z =-3. 344,P < 0. 05),hemoglobin( t =-7. 496,P < 0. 05),and hematocrit( t =-3. 812,P < 0. 05). Compared with the HTGAP group,the BAP group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with pancreatic pseudocyst or acute liver injury( χ2= 11. 131 and19. 089,both P < 0. 05),and compared with the BAP group,the HTGAP group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome( χ2= 3. 848 and 4. 485,both P < 0. 05). There were also significant differences between the two groups in surgical rate( χ2= 18. 348,P < 0. 05) and length of hospital stay( Z =-2. 002,P < 0. 05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertriglyceridemia( odds ratio [OR] = 0. 347,95% confidence interval [CI]:0. 152-0. 793,P = 0. 012),BMI( OR = 1. 113,95% CI: 1. 031-1. 202,P = 0. 006),and diabetes( OR = 0. 379,95% CI: 0. 160-0. 896,P = 0. 027) were independent influencing factors for acute liver injury; hypertension( OR = 4. 050,95% CI: 1. 820-9. 011,P =0. 001) was an independent influencing factor for systemic inflammatory response syndrome; hypertriglyceridemia( OR = 3. 741,95% CI:1. 170-11. 956,P = 0. 026) was an independent influencing factor for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Conclusion Compared with BAP patients,HTGAP patients tend to have a younger age,a higher proportion of male patients,a higher rate of high-fat diet,and a higher BMI. HTGAP patients are more likely to develop systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome than BAP patients,while BAP patients are more likely to develop pancreatic pseudocyst and acute liver injury.
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