Influencing factors for liver inflammation and fibrosis in the immune-tolerant phase of HBV infection

Chunyun LIU; Lixian CHANG; Junyi LI; Yanwei QI; Weikun LI; Huimin LI; Yingyuan ZHANG; Jianpeng GAO; Li LIU

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2022.09.012

Volume 38 Issue 9

Sep. 2022

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Influencing factors for liver inflammation and fibrosis in the immune-tolerant phase of HBV infection

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2022.09.012

Department of Hepatology, Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming 650041, China

Research funding:

Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Applied Basic Research Project (2017FH001-88)

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Corresponding author: LIU Li, liuli197210@163.com(ORCID: 0000-0001-7712-4931)
Received Date: 2022-01-16
Accepted Date: 2022-03-07
Published Date: 2022-09-20

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the degree of liver injury and liver fibrosis in patients in the immune-tolerant phase of chronic HBV infection, and to provide a basis for judging the condition of patients in the immune-tolerant phase. Methods A total of 300 patients with HBV DNA ≥10⁷ IU/mL, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤40 U/L, and complete data who were treated in The Third People's Hospital of Kunming from January 2015 to December 2019 were enrolled as subjects, and related data were collected, including age, sex, duration of HBV infection, blood biochemistry, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) level, and HBV DNA. Liver pathological examination was performed for all patients, and the patients were divided into G < 2 and G ≥2 groups according to inflammation grade and S < 2 and S ≥2 groups according to the degree of fibrosis. The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the influencing factors for G ≥2 liver inflammation and S ≥2 liver fibrosis. Results Among the 300 patients, 213 (71%) had G ≥2 liver inflammation and 120 (40%) had S ≥2 liver fibrosis, with a baseline age of 26.06±9.01 years; male patients accounted for 48%, and the duration of infection was 5.62±5.09 years. The univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the G < 2 and G ≥2 groups in ALT, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (Alb), platelet count (PLT), diameter of the portal vein, and spleen thickness (t=-26.677, -11.612, 2.149, 5.410, -6.092, and -2.911, all P < 0.05), and there were significant differences between the S < 2 and S ≥2 groups in duration of infection, ALT, ALP, Alb, HBV DNA, PLT, diameter of the portal vein, and spleen thickness (t=-6.320, -6.694, -7.880, 2.349, 4.552, 19.160, -5.782, and -5.622, all P < 0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that ALT (odds ratio [OR]=10.270, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.212-47.672, P=0.003) and ALP (OR=1.097, 95%CI: 1.013-1.188, P=0.023) were independent risk factors for G ≥2 liver inflammation in patients in the immune-tolerant phase, and ALP (OR=1.034, 95%CI: 1.015-1.054, P < 0.001), PLT (OR=0.913, 95%CI: 0.886-0.938, P < 0.001), HBV DNA (OR=0.198, 95%CI: 0.062-0.636, P=0.007), and duration of infection (OR=1.176, 95%CI: 1.033-1.340, P=0.015) were independent influencing factors for S ≥2 liver fibrosis in patients in the immune-tolerant phase. Conclusion Most patients in the immune-tolerant phase have significant liver histological changes. ALT and ALP are the influencing factors for significant liver inflammation, and ALP, HBV-DNA, PLT, and infection time are the influencing factors for significant liver fibrosis in patients in the immune-tolerant phase.
- Hepatitis B virus,
- Immune Tolerance,
- Risk Factors

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References

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Influencing factors for liver inflammation and fibrosis in the immune-tolerant phase of HBV infection

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2022.09.012