中文English
ISSN 1001-5256 (Print)
ISSN 2097-3497 (Online)
CN 22-1108/R

Application of local ablative therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2016.01.008
Research funding:

 

  • Received Date: 2015-11-03
  • Published Date: 2016-01-20
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma( HCC) is a common malignant tumor in the world,and surgical resection and liver transplantation are two radical treatment modalities,but only 10%- 20% of all patients can receive such treatments. In recent years,local therapies including radiofrequency ablation,microwave ablation,cryoablation,and the irreversible electroporation ablation which appeared recently have gradually become the alternative therapies for the patients who are unable to undergo surgery. In addition to local tumor growth control and improvement in survival outcomes,the ablation technology also helps to downgrade tumor for secondary resection. This article focuses on the research progress in radiofrequency ablation alone and in combination with other therapies in the treatment of HCC,compares radiofrequency ablation with other local ablative therapies,and briefly introduces the application of intelligent navigation technology in adjuvant ablation.With the development of medical imaging and progress in related fields,the ablation technology will be widely applied in clinical practice in the future.

     

  • [1]LOZANO R,NAGHAVI M,FOREMAN K,et al.Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990and 2010:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010[J].Lancet,2012,380(9859):2095-2128.
    [2]SHIINA S.Image-guided percutaneous ablation therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma[J].J Gastroenterol,2009,44(Suppl 19):122-131.
    [3]ROSSI S,di STASI M,BUSCARINI E,et al.Percutaneous RF interstitial thermal ablation in the treatment of hepatic cancer[J].AJR Am J Roentgenol,1996,167(3):759-768.
    [4] POULOU LS,BOTSA E,THANOU I,et al.Percutaneous microwave ablation vs radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma[J].World J Hepatol,2015,7(8):1054-1063.
    [5]IKEDA K,OSAKI Y,NAKANISHI H,et al.Recent progress in radiofrequency ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma[J].Oncology,2014,87(Suppl 1):73-77.
    [6]ZHOU Y,ZHAO Y,LI B,et al.Meta-analysis of radiofrequency ablation versus hepatic resection for small hepatocellular carcinoma[J].BMC Gastroenterol,2010,10:78.
    [7]XU Q,KOBAYASHI S,YE X,et al.Comparison of hepatic resection and radiofrequency ablation for small hepatocellular carcinoma:a meta-analysis of 16,103 patients[J].Sci Rep,2014,4:7252.
    [8]CUCCHETTI A,PISCAGLIA F,CESCON M,et al.Systematic review of surgical resection vs radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma[J].World J Gastroenterol,2013,19(26):4106-4018.
    [9]MIURA JT,JOHNSTON FM,TSAI S,et al.Surgical resection versus ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma≤3 cm:a populationbased analysis[J].HPB(Oxford),2015,17(10):896-901.
    [10]JIANG L,YAN L,WEN T,et al.Comparison of outcomes of hepatic resection and radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with multifocal tumors meeting the barcelona-clinic liver cancer stage a classification[J].J Am Coll Surg,2015,221(5):951-961.
    [11]XIE X,JIANG C,PENG Z,et al.Local recurrence after radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma:treatment choice and outcome[J].J Gastrointest Surg,2015,19(8):1466-1475.
    [12]CHOI D,LIM HK,RHIM H,et al.Percutaneous radiofre-quency ablation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy:long-term results and prognostic factors[J].Ann Surg Oncol,2007,14(8):2319-2329.
    [13]CHAN AC,POON RT,CHEUNG TT,et al.Survival analysisof re-resection versus radiofrequency ablation for intrahepatic recurrence afterhepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma[J].World J Surg,2012,36(1):151-156.
    [14]LEE DH,LEE JM,LEE JY,et al.Radiofrequency ablationfor intrahepatic recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma:long-term results andprognostic factors in 168 patients with cirrhosis[J].Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol,2014,37(3):705-715.
    [15]FUKUHARA T,AIKATA H,HYOGO H,et al.Efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for initial recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after curative treatment:comparison with primary cases[J].Eur J Radiol,2015,84(8):1540-1545.
    [16]ITAMOTO T,NAKAHARA H,AMANO H,et al.Repeat hepatectomy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma[J].Surgery,2007,141(5):589-597.
    [17]WU CC,CHENG SB,YEH DC,et al.Second and third hepatectomies forrecurrent hepatocellular carcinoma are justified[J].Br J Surg,2009,96(9):1049-1057.
    [18]NEELEMAN N,ANDERSSON R.Repeated liver resection for recurrent liver cancer[J].Br J Surg,1996,83(7):893-901.
    [19]FABER W,SEEHOFER D,NEUHAUS P,et al.Repeated liver resection for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma[J].J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2011,26(7):1189-1194.
    [20]HANAZAKI K,KAJIKAWA S,SHIMOZAWA N,et al.Survival and recurrence after hepatic resection of 386 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma[J].J Am Coll Surg,2000,191(4):381-388.
    [21]SHIMADA M,TAKENAKA K,GION T,et al.Prognosis of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma:a 10-year surgical experience in Japan[J].Gastroenterology,1996,111(3):720-726.
    [22]SONG KD,LIM HK,RHIM H,et al.Repeated hepatic resection versus radiofrequency ablation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatic resection:a propensity score matching study[J].Radiology,2015,275(2):599-608.
    [23]CAI H,KONG W,ZHOU T,et al.Radiofrequency ablation versus reresection in treating recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma[J].Medicine(Baltimore),2014,93(22):e122.
    [24]INOUE T,MINAMI Y,CHUNG H,et al.Radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma:assistant techniques for difficult cases[J].Oncology,2010,78(Suppl 1):94-101.
    [25]TATEISHI R,SHIINA S,TERATANI T,et al.Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma.An analysis of1000 cases[J].Cancer,2005,103(6):1201-1209.
    [26]CHOPRA S,DODD GD,CHANIN MP,et al.Radiofrequency ablation of hepatic tumors adjacent to the gallbladder:feasibility and safety[J].AJR Am J Roentgenol,2003,180(3):697-701.
    [27]CHOI D,LIM HK,KIM MJ,et al.Therapeutic efficacy and safety of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma abutting the gastrointestinal tract[J].AJR Am J Roentgenol,2004,183(5):1417-1424.
    [28]KODA M,UEKI M,MAEDA Y,et al.Percutaneous sonographically guided radiofrequency ablation with artificial pleural effusion for hepatocellular carcinoma located under the diaphragm[J].AJR Am J Roentgenol,2004,183(3):583-588.
    [29]YANG W,YAN K,WU G,et al.Radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma in difficult locations:strategies and long-term outcomes[J].World J Gastroenterol,2015,21(5):1554-1566.
    [30] LIVRAGHI T,SOLBIATI L,MELONI MF,et al.Treatment of focal liver tumors with percutaneous radio-frequency ablation:complications encountered in a multicenter study[J].Radiology,2003,226(2):441-451.
    [31]TERATANI T,YOSHIDA H,SHIINA S,et al.Radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma in so-called high-risk locations[J].Hepatology,2006,43(5):1101-1108.
    [32]MULIER S,MULIER P,NI Y,et al.Complications of radiofrequency coagulation of liver tumours[J].Br J Surg,2002,89(10):1206-1222.
    [33] RHIM H,YOON KH,LEE JM,et al.Major complications after radio-frequency thermal ablation of hepatic tumors:spectrum of imaging findings[J].Radiographics,2003,23(1):123-134.
    [34]CHENG AL,KANG YK,CHEN Z,et al.Efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients in the Asia-Pacific region with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma:a phaseⅢrandomised,double-blind,placebocontrolled trial[J].Lancet Oncol,2009,10(1):25-34.
    [35] LLOVET JM,RICCI S,MAZZAFERRO V,et al.Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma[J].N Engl J Med,2008,359(4):378-390.
    [36]LU LC,CHENG AL,POON RTP.Recent advances in the prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence[J].Semin Liver Dis,2014,34(4):427-434.
    [37]FENG X,XU R,DU X,et al.Combination therapy with sorafenib and radiofrequency ablation for BCLC stage 0-B1 hepatocellular carcinoma:a multicenter retrospective cohort study[J].Am J Gastroenterol,2014,109(12):1891-1899.
    [38]BRUIX J,TAKAYAMA T,MAZZAFERRO V,et al.Adjuvant sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma after resection or ablation(STORM):a phase 3,randomised,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial[J].Lancet Oncol,2015,16(13):1344-1354.
    [39]BENSON AB 3rd,ABRAMS TA,BEN-JOSEF E,et al.NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology:hepatobiliary cancers[J].J Natl Compr Cancer Netw,2009,7(4):350-391.
    [40]OMATA M,LESMANA LA,TATEISHI R,et al.Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liverconsensus recommendations on hepatocellular carcinoma[J].Hepatol Int,2010,4(2):439-474.
    [41]LLOVET JM,REAL MI,MONTAAX,et al.Arterial embolisation or chemoembolisation versus symptomatic treatment in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma:a randomised controlled trial[J].Lancet,2002,359(9319):1734-1739.
    [42]LO CM,NGAN H,TSO WK,et al.Randomized controlled trial of transarterial lipiodol chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma[J].Hepatology,2002,35(5):1164-1171.
    [43]LOVET JM,BRUIX J.Systematic review of randomized trials for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma:chemoembolization improves survival[J].Hepatology,2003,37(2):429-442.
    [44]YIN X,ZHANG L,WANG YH,et al.Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with radiofrequency ablation delays tumor progression and prolongs overall survival in patients with intermediate(BCLC B)hepatocellular carcinoma[J].BMC Cancer,2014,14:849.
    [45]IEZZI R,POMPILI M,la TORRE MF,et al.Radiofrequency ablation plus drug-eluting beads transcatheterarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of single largehepatocellular carcinoma[J].Dig Liver Dis,2015,47(3):242-248.
    [46]WANG C,LU Y,CHEN Y,et al.Prognostic factors and recurrence of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma after argonhelium cryoablation:a prospective study[J].Clin Exp Metastasis,2009,26(7):839-848.
    [47]YANG Y,WANG C,LU Y,et al.Outcomes of ultrasoundguided percutaneous argon-helium cryoablation of hepatocellular carcinoma[J].J Hepatobil Pancreat Sci,2012,19(6):674-684.
    [48]WANG C,WANG H,YANG W,et al.Multicenter randomized controlled trial of percutaneous cryoablation versus radiofrequency ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma[J].Hepatology,2015,61(5):1579-1590.
    [49]LIANG P,YU J,LU MD,et al.Practice guidelines for ultrasoundguided percutaneous microwave ablation for hepatic malignancy[J].World J Gastroenterol,2013,19(33):5430-5438.
    [50]LIANG P,WANG Y,YU X,et al.Malignant liver tumors:treatment with percutaneous microwave ablation-complications among cohort of 1136 patients[J].Radiology,2009,251(13):933-940.
    [51]LIANG P,YU J,YU XL,et al.Percutaneous cooled-tip microwave ablation under ultrasound guidance for primary liver cancer:a multicentre analysis of 1363 treatment-naive lesions in 1007 patients in China[J].Gut,2012,61(7):1100-1101.
    [52]POULOU LS,BOTSA E,THANOU I,et al.Percutaneous microwave ablation vs radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma[J].World J Hepatol,2015,7(8):1054-1063.
    [53]SCHEFFER HJ,NIELSEN K,de JONG MC,et al.Irreversible electroporation for nonthermal tumor ablation in the clinical setting:a systematic review of safety and efficacy[J].J Vasc Interv Radiol,2014,25(7):997-1011.
    [54]NARAYANAN G,FROUD T,SUTHAR R,et al.Irreversible electroporation of hepatic malignancy[J].Semin Intervent Radiol,2013,30(1):67-73.
    [55]WU J,CHEN P,XIE YG,et al.Comparison of the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound-and CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of non-operation hepatocellular carcinoma[J].Pathol Oncol Res,2015,21(3):637-642.
    [56]KIM J,YOON CJ,SEONG NJ,et al.Fluoroscopy-guided radiofrequency ablation for small hepatocellular carcinoma:a retrospective comparison with ultrasound-guided ablation[J].Clin Radiol,2015,70(9):1009-1015.
    [57]CHAN AK,HEGARTY C,KLASS D,et al.The role of contrastenhanced ultrasound in guiding radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma:a retrospective study[J].Can Assoc Radiol J,2015,66(2):171-178.
    [58]TOSHIKUNI N,TSUTSUMI M,TAKUMA Y,et al.Real-time image fusion for successful percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma[J].J Ultrasound Med,2014,33(11):2005-2010.
    [59]LEE CH,CHEN WT,LIN CC,et al.Radiofrequency ablation assisted by real-time virtual sonography for hepatocellular carcinoma inconspicuous under sonography and high-risk locations[J].Kaohsiung J Med Sci,2015,31(8):413-419.
    [60]LIN ZY,SONG QQ,CHEN J,et al.Local curative effect of MRIguided radiofrequency ablation on small hepatocellular carcinoma[J].Tumour Biol,2015,36(3):2105-2110.
    [61]KOETHE Y,XU S,VELUSAMY G,et al.Accuracy and efficacy of percutaneous biopsy and ablation using robotic assistance under computed tomography guidance:a phantom study[J].Eur Radiol,2014,24(3):723-730.
    [62]ABDULLAH BJ,YEONG CH,GOH KL,et al.Robot-assisted radiofrequency ablation of primary and secondary liver tumours:early experience[J].Eur Radiol,2014,24(1):79-85.
  • Relative Articles

    [1]Wei YU, Chengbin ZHANG, Yan MA. A case of primary carcinosarcoma of the liver[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2021, 37(12): 2890-2890. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.12.030
    [2]Jiamin ZHAO, Zhiyuan CHEN, Chengliang DING, Lili YUAN, Jingjing QIAN, Chunyang XU, Lingyun ZUO. Primary biliary cholangitis with hepatic angiosarcoma: A case report[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2021, 37(10): 2411-2413. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.10.031
    [3]Mengnan LI, Gongchen WANG, Zhiming ZHANG. A case of hepatic angiosarcoma with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2021, 37(11): 2646-2648. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.11.032
    [4]Huijun WANG, Jianxiang NIU, Xiaoyan XU, Weihua ZHENG, Pengfei LI, Yibo LIU, Junjing ZHANG. A case of primary splenic angiosarcoma[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2021, 37(11): 2655-2657. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.11.036
    [5]Li Dong, Luo TianYang, Ran YaWei. Value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis of residual or recurrent lesion after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma:A Meta-analysis[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2019, 35(10): 2214-2219. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2019.10.017
    [6]Zhang XueWen, Dai ChaoLiu. Primary hepatic angiosarcoma in the elderly: A case report and literature review[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2019, 35(3): 605-607. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2019.03.031
    [7]Zhu XiXun, Li ZhiWei, Zheng Yu. A case of primary hepatic angiosarcoma with splenic metastasis and rupture[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2019, 35(3): 608-610. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2019.03.032
    [8]Wang ShuPeng, Han KaiZe, Wang Wu, Yang Yang, Liu YaHui. Spontaneous rupture of splenic angiosarcoma: 2 cases report[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2018, 34(12): 2670-2671. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2018.12.035
    [9]Huang Lu, Lu LiJian. CT and MRI manifestations of liver fluke granuloma[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2017, 33(8): 1548-1551. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2017.08.028
    [10]Du XiaoFeng, Ma ZhouPeng, Lin GuanSheng, He Hui, Tang YaRong, Wu JianMing. CT diagnosis and differentiation of nodular/mass-type hepatic lymphoma[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2017, 33(8): 1492-1496. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2017.08.016
    [11]Zhang YiWei, Zhang Wei, Liu Feng, Liu YaHui. Laparoscopic splenectomy in treatment of splenic angiosarcoma: a case report[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2017, 33(4): 744-745. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2017.04.034
    [12]Li XinMing, Quan XianYue, Tan ShuPing. Imaging feature of rare liver neoplasms[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2016, 32(12): 2289-2294. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2016.12.012
    [13]Zhai YaNan, Li Lei, Yin Liang, Guo QiHong, Lei JunQiang, Guo ShunLin, Zhang ChunYu, Wang HaiJun, Wen XiaoXiao. Role of dual-source CT low-dose whole liver perfusion imaging in evaluating liver blood perfusion after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2016, 32(10): 1894-1899. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2016.10.014
    [14]Ke JianJi, Liu FeiQi, Zhang Wei, Liu YaHui. One case of huge hepatic angiosarcoma[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2015, 31(11): 1902-1903. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2015.11.034
    [15]Liu BinBin, Wang YuHong. Values of MRI and CT in diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2013, 29(7): 489-491. doi: 1001-5256 (2013) 07-0489-03
    [16]Yan FuHua, Luo XianFu. Research progress in CT and MR for quantitative diagnosis of liver fibrosis[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2013, 29(10): 732-735. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2013.10.003
    [17]Zhao ChunHua, Zhou WenFeng, Chen WeiHua, Xi Zhen, Zhang ChunMei. Clinical significance of α- fetoprotein in initial diagnosis of primary hepatic cancer[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2013, 29(9): 698-701. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2013.09.017
    [18]Liang Liang, Lu XiuLiang, Gu JunYing, Chen Gang, Rao ShengXiang, Ji Yuan, Ceng MengSu. Imaging characteristics of abdominal organs in autoimmune pancreatitis[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2012, 28(8): 579-583.
    [19]Liu Qin, Qiao XiuLi, Gao XiaoZhong, Shao ChunZhong. The importance of regular follow-up for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2010, 26(3): 306-307+309.
  • Created with Highcharts 5.0.7Amount of accessChart context menuAbstract Views, HTML Views, PDF Downloads StatisticsAbstract ViewsHTML ViewsPDF Downloads2024-052024-062024-072024-082024-092024-102024-112024-122025-012025-022025-032025-04051015202530
    Created with Highcharts 5.0.7Chart context menuAccess Class DistributionFULLTEXT: 1.6 %FULLTEXT: 1.6 %META: 94.9 %META: 94.9 %PDF: 3.5 %PDF: 3.5 %FULLTEXTMETAPDF
    Created with Highcharts 5.0.7Chart context menuAccess Area Distribution其他: 6.8 %其他: 6.8 %其他: 0.2 %其他: 0.2 %Bass Hill: 0.2 %Bass Hill: 0.2 %Central District: 0.6 %Central District: 0.6 %China: 0.2 %China: 0.2 %India: 0.2 %India: 0.2 %Seattle: 0.2 %Seattle: 0.2 %上海: 2.3 %上海: 2.3 %中卫: 0.4 %中卫: 0.4 %丽水: 0.4 %丽水: 0.4 %佛山: 0.4 %佛山: 0.4 %北京: 7.6 %北京: 7.6 %北伯根: 0.2 %北伯根: 0.2 %南京: 1.0 %南京: 1.0 %南宁: 0.2 %南宁: 0.2 %南平: 0.2 %南平: 0.2 %台北: 0.2 %台北: 0.2 %台州: 2.7 %台州: 2.7 %吉林: 0.8 %吉林: 0.8 %哥伦布: 0.4 %哥伦布: 0.4 %大连: 0.6 %大连: 0.6 %天津: 0.8 %天津: 0.8 %太原: 0.2 %太原: 0.2 %宿迁: 0.2 %宿迁: 0.2 %布里斯班: 0.2 %布里斯班: 0.2 %常德: 0.2 %常德: 0.2 %平顶山: 0.2 %平顶山: 0.2 %广州: 0.2 %广州: 0.2 %张家口: 2.9 %张家口: 2.9 %昆明: 0.6 %昆明: 0.6 %杭州: 1.4 %杭州: 1.4 %武汉: 0.2 %武汉: 0.2 %沈阳: 0.2 %沈阳: 0.2 %洛阳: 0.2 %洛阳: 0.2 %济南: 0.2 %济南: 0.2 %淄博: 0.2 %淄博: 0.2 %深圳: 0.6 %深圳: 0.6 %湖州: 1.6 %湖州: 1.6 %芒廷维尤: 27.3 %芒廷维尤: 27.3 %苏州: 0.2 %苏州: 0.2 %莫斯科: 1.6 %莫斯科: 1.6 %衢州: 2.5 %衢州: 2.5 %西宁: 28.5 %西宁: 28.5 %西安: 0.2 %西安: 0.2 %赣州: 0.6 %赣州: 0.6 %辽阳: 0.2 %辽阳: 0.2 %运城: 0.2 %运城: 0.2 %邯郸: 0.2 %邯郸: 0.2 %郑州: 0.2 %郑州: 0.2 %金华: 1.0 %金华: 1.0 %银川: 0.2 %银川: 0.2 %长春: 1.0 %长春: 1.0 %长沙: 0.6 %长沙: 0.6 %其他其他Bass HillCentral DistrictChinaIndiaSeattle上海中卫丽水佛山北京北伯根南京南宁南平台北台州吉林哥伦布大连天津太原宿迁布里斯班常德平顶山广州张家口昆明杭州武汉沈阳洛阳济南淄博深圳湖州芒廷维尤苏州莫斯科衢州西宁西安赣州辽阳运城邯郸郑州金华银川长春长沙

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索

    Article Metrics

    Article views (3147) PDF downloads(505) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return