Clinical features of HIV/AIDS patients with digestive diseases

Objective To analyze the clinical data of patients admitted with an initial diagnosis of digestive diseases who have human immunodeficiency virus( HIV) / acquired immune deficiency syndrome( AIDS),and to guide clinical diagnosis. Methods The clinical data of HIV / AIDS patients who were hospitalized due to digestive system symptoms from January 1,2013 to December 31,2014 were collected,including epidemiological data,clinical symptoms and signs,auxiliary examinations,and complications. The features of each parameter were observed. The t- test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups,and the chi- square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Results A total of 95 HIV / AIDS patients with digestive diseases were enrolled,and the male / female ratio was1. 4∶ 1. Among these patients,57( 60%) were aged 30- 50 years,85( 89. 47%) were Yi people,and 86( 90. 53%) were farmers. Of all patients,46( 48. 42%) were infected via sexual transmission and 44( 46. 32%) were infected via intravenous drug use. In these patients,common clinical symptoms included abdominal pain( 71. 58%),pyrexia( 43. 16%),and diarrhea( 17. 89%),and common signs included ascites( 28. 42%),superficial lymphadenectasis( 21. 05%),and hepatosplenomegaly( 16. 84%). The auxiliary examination showed a significant increase in globulin. The proportion of patients with opportunistic infection reached 83. 16%,mainly lung and digestive tract infections. Among the patients who underwent gastroscopy,31. 58% had mycotic esophagitis. Chronic non- atrophic gastritis,electrolyte disturbance,and intestinal obstruction were commonly seen in patients with noninfectious complications. Of all HIV / AIDS patients,54. 74%( 52 /95) were complicated by HBV and / or HCV infection,and the liver function parameters globulin,total bilirubin,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and A / G showed significant differences between these patients and the patients with HIV infection alone( all P < 0. 01). Conclusion HIV infection should be highly suspected in patients who visit the department of gastroenterology due to abdominal pain and diarrhea,have clinical manifestations of ascites,superficial lymphadenectasis,and hepatosplenomegaly,and are complicated by opportunistic infection in the lungs and digestive tract,especially those with histories of drug use and unprotected sex. Meanwhile,HBV and / or HCV infection may aggravate patients' condition and should be taken seriously.