Expert consensus on perioperative vascular complications for liver transplantation(2021)

Vascular complications after liver transplantation are important causes of liver dysfunction and graft loss.The incidence rate range is from 5% to 25%, and the mortality rate is high. The complex and changeable vascular conditions of the donor and recipient, anastomosis techniques, infection, and acute and chronic rejection after transplantation can all cause vascular complications of liver transplantation. The types of vascular complications are diverse and complex. According to the vascular structure, they can be divided into arterial and venous complications; according to the characteristics of blood flow, they can be divided into inflow tract (hepatic artery, portal vein) or outflow tract (hepatic vein, vena cava) disorders; according to the nature of the lesion, they can be divided into rupture, stenosis, thrombosis and pseudoaneurysm, etc; according to the time of occurrence, they can be divided into early or late. Surgical plan design and surgical operation techniques are the technical factors of early vascular complications after liver transplantation. The types of vascular complications and their accompanying clinical manifestations are closely related to the choice of diagnosis and treatment strategies and clinical outcomes. Therefore, the Perioperative Management Group of Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation of Chinese Medical Association formulated the Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Perioperative Vascular Complications of Liver Transplantation, aiming to standardize and optimize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of common perioperative vascular complications in liver transplant recipients.