Research advances in post-sinusoidal non-cirrhotic portal hypertension

Portal hypertension (PH) is defined as the pathological increase in pressure in the portal venous system. The most common cause of PH is liver cirrhosis, but it is also observed in patients without liver cirrhosis, which is called non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension can be classified in prehepatic, intrahepatic, and posthepatic types depending on the site of involvement, and the intrahepatic type can be further divided into presinusoidal, sinusoidal, and post-sinusoidal types. This article summarizes the features of posthepatic and post-sinusoidal portal hypertension, discusses in detail the different classifications of Budd-Chiari syndrome and hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, and briefly introduces the research advances in the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of these diseases.