Value of immune－inflammatory factors in predicting intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） is one of the most common primary liver malignancies， with an increasing incidence rate in the past two decades. Surgical resection is the main treatment method for ICC， but more than half of the patients have lost the opportunity for surgery at the time of initial diagnosis， with the only choice of locoregional or systemic treatment. At present， there is still a lack of satisfactory treatment outcomes for ICC. In ICC and other solid tumors， it has been found that some immune－inflammatory factors （IIFs） can effectively reflect the inflammatory state within the tumor， and these IIFs are significantly associated with tumor progression and prognostic markers. These IIFs are all calculated based on hematological parameters such as routine blood test results， C－reactive protein， albumin， and tumor markers， and they can be classified into three categories， i.e.， direct inflammatory factors， tumor markers， and combined inflammatory factors. Comparative analysis has shown that combined inflammatory factors has a better value than direct inflammatory factors and tumor markers in predicting the prognosis of ICC patients. It is recommended to use prognostic inflammatory and tumor score， systemic inflammation score， and systemic inflammation response index as the scoring systems for evaluating the survival and prognosis of ICC patients.